SCERT KERALA TEXTBOOKS SOLUTIONS & NOTES: Class 8 Basic Science (English Medium) Chapter 11 Why Classification?
Textbooks Solution for Class 8th Basic Science (English Medium) | Text Books Solution Biology (English Medium) Chapter 12 Why Classification?
ഈ അദ്ധ്യായം Malayalam Medium ഉടൻ അപ്ലോഡ് ചെയ്യും.
SCERT Solutions for Std VIII Basic Science Chapterwise
Class 8 Biology - Questions and Answers
Chapter: 12 - Why Classification?
* Taxonomy: The branch of biology that identifies organisms, classifies them on the basis of similarities and differences and names them scientifically.
The scientist, Carl Linnaeus, who fixed taxonomic hierarchy and provided a scientific base for classification, is known as the 'Father of Modern Taxonomy'.
* Taxonomic keys are the scientific indicators used for identifying and classifying living beings. Of which, the dichotomous keys are important and these keys have two possibilities of selection.
[For instance, With incisors -without incisors, Claws that can be withdrawn -not withdrawn, With wings
– without wings, Having a pair of feet – not etc. are two different criteria for identification]
* Give a reason for the following given below.
(a) Viruses are inactive outside the living cell.
(b) Species is the basic level of classification.
Ans.
(a) They are acellular, having only genetic material and protein coat.
(b) Species is a group of organisms that can produce fertile offsprings through sexual reproduction.
* What is the contribution of Robert H Whittaker in the field of taxonomy?
Ans.
He proposed five kingdom classification.
* Scientists who tried to classify organisms:
* Identify the series of coconut tree from the following given below.
Monocotyledonae, Arecaceae, Calycinae, Sapindales.
Ans. Calycinaes* Match the following
|
Scientists |
Contribution |
|
Aristotle |
Binomial nomenclature |
|
John Ray |
Father of Botany |
|
Theophrastus |
The term species first introduced |
|
|
Classified the organism red-blooded and others |
Ans.
|
Scientists |
Contribution |
|
Aristotle |
Classified the organism as red-blooded and others |
|
John Ray |
The term species introduced |
|
Theophrastus |
Father of Botany |
* Method of classification by Carl Linnaeus (in animals):
* Method of classification by Carl Linnaeus (in plants):
* Binomial nomenclature of cat is given below.
Felis domesticus
(a) What does each word in this indicates?
(b) Who proposed this method of giving scientific names to organisms?
(c) What is the scientific name of a human being according to binomial nomenclature?
Ans.
(a) The first word in the scientific name indicates genus name and second word indicates species name.
(b) Carl Linnaeus
(c) Homo sapiens
* Complete the following related with the classification levels of organisms suitably.
a. Human beings
Order-primates
Family-.............
b. Cat
Order-..........
Family-Felidae
Ans.
a.Homnidae
b.Carnivora
* Binomial nomenclature method of Carl Linnaeus
Linnaeus proposed the method of scientific naming of organisms using Genus and Species names.
According to this, scientific names of a few organisms:
Cat: Felis domesticus
Dog: Canis familiaris
Wolf: Canis lupus
Man: Homo sapiens
Coconut tree: Cocos nucifera
Paddy: Oryza sativa
Cassia: Cassia fistula
Crow: Corves splendens
Cow: Bos torus
Elephant: Elephas maximus (E. indicus)
Peacock: Pavo cristatus
Hibiscus : Hibiscus rosasinensis
Neem: Azadirachta indica
Mango tree: Mangifera indica
Tiger: Panthera tigris
Lion: Panthera leo
* Correct the underlined part, if mistaken.
a. Domain is included in five kingdom classification.
b. Genus is the basic level of classification.
c. Carl Linnaeus classified organisms into six kingdoms.
d. Bacteria is inactive outside the cell.
Ans.
a.Six kingdom
b.Species
c.Carl Woese
d.Virus.
* In Linnaeus method, all organisms are classified under two kingdoms (namely, Plantae and Animalia)
In the light of new knowledge on the diversity of species, Robert H.Whittaker classified organisms into five Kingdoms, as:
* Later, the scientist Carl Woese proposed six kingdoms under 3 Domains, namely Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. (It was found out that the archaebacteria and bacteria, belonging to the Kingdom Monera are different from each other in cell structure and physiological functions)
Still, viruses can not be included in all the above kingdoms. Because the virus is acellular (only a genetic material within a protein coat) and it is inactive outside a living cell. (Virus is active only when inside a living cell).
There are millions of unidentified organisms on Earth and we are searching for such new organisms.
* Find the odd one and write the common features of others
John Ray, Robert Whittaker, Carl Woese, Carl Linnaeus
Ans.
John Ray
Others classified organisms based on different types of classification.
* Find the odd one and write the common features of others.
Aracaceae, Anacardiaceae, sapiens, Felidae
Ans.
Sapiens
Others are family. * Find the odd one and write the common features of others.
Phylum, Order, Protista, Genus
Ans.
Protista
Others are levels of classification. 
(a) Which pathogen is indicated in the picture?
(b) Is it possible to include this pathogen in any of the existing classification methods? Why?
Ans.
a. Virus
b) No, they are acellular. Have only genetic material and protein coat.* Given below are the indicators about a microbe. Analyse-it and the questions...
I am inactive outside the cell.I can only live inside a livഗലു cell.
a.Which microbe is indicated by this statement?
Why is it inactive outside a living cell?
c.How does its multiplication become possible?
Ans.
a.Virus
b.They have no cell, only genetic material and protein coat.
c.They multiplied using the materials from host cells* In five kingdom classification, all bacteria are included in Kingdom Monera. But some bacteria show a difference in cell structure and physiological functions.
a.Who rectified this drawback of five kingdom classification? How?
b.Write another contribution of this scientist in the field of taxonomy?
Ans.
a.Carl Woese, he divided Kingdom Monera into two kingdoms, Archaea and Monera.
b.Added one more level named Domain above the kingdom.* Complete the table suitably
|
A – Kingdom |
B – Including
Organisms |
C - Peculiarities |
|
Monera |
....(a)....... |
......(b)...... |
|
........(c)..... |
Plants |
....(d)............. |
|
.........(e)........... |
............(f)........... |
Unicellular
organism with nucleus |
Ans.
a) Bacteria
b) Unicellular organisms without a definite nucleus.
c) Plantae
d) Multicellular non-motile autotrophs.
e) Protista
f) Amoeba* Complete the following worksheet based on the indicators given in the box.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum:......................
Class..........................
Order.......................
Family........................
Genus ...Felis
Species -- Domestica
Ans.
Phylum - includes vertebrates only
Class - Animals that feed their young ones with milk
Order - Animals that have teeth to tear off flesh
Family - Includes animals that have withdrawable claws * Based on the given indicator, pair the following.
Indicator
Aristotle, Historia Generalis Plantarum, Charakan, Father of Biology, JohnRay, Charakasamhitha, Theophrastus, Binomial Nomenclature, Father of Botany, Carl Linnaeus.
Ans.
Charakan - Charakasamhithas * Analyse the given statement and answer the questions given below.
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that identifies, classifies and gives scientific names to organisms based on their similarities and differences.
a. Who is known as the father of the branch cited above?
b.What is the need for classifying organisms?
c.What are the characteristic features to be studied for classifying organisms?
Ans.
a.Carl Linnaeus
b. Reveals the relation between the various group of organisms, to acquire a general idea about the plants and animals of various geographical areas, to explain the stages of evolution of organisms from the simple to the complex.
c.The characteristic features of organisms, their external features, internal features genetic constitution and evolutionary relationships.* Analyse the figure and description, and answer the questions given below.
Carica papaya is the scientific name of the plant which is known as papaya, kaplanga, karamoosa, omakka etc in Malayalam.
a. What is the significance of giving the scientific name to organisms?
b. What is the name given for the scientific naming method of organisms?
c.What are the peculiarities of the scientific name of an organism?
Ans.
a.To solve the difficulties arising out of an organism being known by various names in different languages and regions.
b.Binomial Nomenclature
c.The first part of binomial nomenclature indicates its genus name and second one species namesBasic Science Textbooks (pdf) - Click here
ഈ ബ്ലോഗിലെ എല്ലാ പോസ്റ്റുകളും ഒരുമിച്ച് കാണാനും ആവശ്യമുള്ളവ എളുപ്പത്തിൽ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാനും ഇവിടെ ക്ലിക്കുക.
PSC Solved Question Papers ---> Click here
PSC Solved Question Papers ---> Click here
PSC EXAM PROGRAMME -> Click here
CURRENT AFFAIRS QUESTIONS -> Click here
PSC Degree Level Questions & Answers - Click here
PSC LDC/LGS Questions & Answers - Click here
PSC RANK LISTS / SHORTLISTS -> Click here
 Biology Chapter 12 Why Classification?){kind=link}
0 Comments