STD 10 Social Science II: Chapter 07 India: The Land of Diversities - Questions and Answers
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Class 10 Chapter 07 India: The Land of Diversities- Questions and Answers
1. Location of India
Latitude: 8°4' to 37°6' North
Longitude: 68°7' to 97°25' East
Latitude: 8°4' to 37°6' North
Longitude: 68°7' to 97°25' East
2. Indian peninsula
A peninsula is a land surrounded by an ocean on three sides. The southern part of the Indian subcontinent is surrounded by oceans and hence it is known as the Indian peninsula.
3. Pamir plateau The roof of the world.
The Pamir plateau situated in Central Asia is known as the roof of the world. The mountain ranges such as Hindukush, Sulaiman, Tien Shan, Kunlun, Karakoram, etc. radiate in different directions from the Pamir knot. The Kaila's ranges in Tibet are an extension of the Karakoram mountain ranges.
4. Find answers to the following questions with the help of an atlas.
a. The countries belonging to the Indian subcontinent.
b. Countries sharing land frontier with India.
c. The countries sharing ocean frontier with India.
Answer:
a. India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives
b. Pakistan, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China
c. Sri Lanka, Maldives
5. Name the major physical divisions of India.
* Northern Mountains
* Northern Great Plains
* The Peninsular Plateau
* Coastal Plains.
* Islands.
6. Northern Mountains
These mountain ranges start from the northwest of Kashmir and extend up to the eastern boundary of India is known as the Northern Mountains. The Northern Mountains that function as a great wall can be classified into the Trans
Himalayas, Himalayas and the Eastern Highlands.
i. Trans Himalayas
Trans Himalayas include Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar mountain ranges. Mount K2 (8661m) also known as Godwin Austin, the highest peak in India, is in the Karakoram range. The average height of the Trans Himalayas is 6000 metres.
ii. Himalayas
The Himalayas are located between the Trans-Himalayas and the Eastern highlands. These mountain ranges have a length of about 2400 kilometres. Many of the world's highest peaks are situated here. The width of these mountain ranges is just about 150 kilometres in Arunachal Pradesh, whereas it is around 400 kilometres in the Kashmir region. This physical division extending over 5 lakh square kilometres comprises three parallel mountain ranges.
a. Himadri
• The highest mountain range.
• Average altitude is 6000 metres.
• Origin of the rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra.
• Has a number of peaks above 8000 metres (Eg: Kanchenjunga, Nandadevi)
b. Himachal
• Situated to the south of the Himadri.
• Average altitude is 3000 metres.
• The hill stations like Shimla, Darjeeling, etc. are situated in the southern slopes of this range.
c. Siwaliks
• Situated to the south of the Himachal.
• Average altitude is 1220 metres.
• As the Himalayan rivers cut across this range, its continuity breaks at many places.
• Broad flat valleys seen along these ranges are called Duns. (Eg: Dehradun)
iii. Eastern Highlands
• This region which is at an altitude of 500 to 3000 metres is also known as Purvachal.
• Cherrapunji, the place receiving the highest rainfall in the world is situated here.
• This region is covered by dense tropical rainforests.
7. Which is the highest mountain peak in India?
- Godwin Austin (Mount K2.)
8. Himalayan vegetation.
- In accordance with altitude, a wide variety of vegetation prevails here.
- Oak, chestnut, maple etc. are seen at an altitude of 1000 to 2000 metres
and above this are the coniferous trees such as deodar, spruce, etc.
9. Write down the length, breadth and aerial extent of the Himalayan mountain range.
These mountain ranges have a length of about 2400 kilometres. Many of the world's highest peaks are situated here. The height of these mountains tends to decrease towards the east. The width of these mountain ranges is just about 150 kilometres in Arunachal Pradesh, whereas it is around 400 kilometres in the Kashmir region. This physical division extending over 5 lakh square kilometres comprises three parallel mountain ranges.
10. Human life in the lap of the Himalayas
- The major means of livelihood is animal rearing which depends purely on the grasslands here.
- Sheep are commercially reared in Kashmir and Himachal.
- Potato, barley, and saffron, fruits like apple and orange are cultivated in the Siwalik valleys.
- The largest production of tea in India comes from the Assam mountain ranges.
-The northern mountains are described as the paradise of tourists due to their natural beauty. (Tourism)
-Hill stations like Shimla, Darjeeling, Kulu, Manali, etc. are situated here.
11. Which type of soil is mostly found in the northern mountain region?.
- The soil generally found in the northern mountain region is fertile mountain soil.
12. What is the role of the Northern mountain ranges in moulding the climate and human life of India?
• Have been protecting us from foreign invasions from the north since ancient times.
• Block the monsoon winds and cause rainfall throughout North India.
• Prevent the dry cold winds blowing from the north from entering India during winter.
• Caused the emergence of diverse flora and fauna.
• Source region of rivers.
13. Major mountains in the Eastern Highlands
(1) Patkai Bum-Nagaland
(2) Naga hills-Nagaland
(3) Garo, Khasi, and Jaintia hills-Meghalaya
(4) Mizo hills-Mizoram
14. Find out the major Himalayan rivers, the states through which they flow, and their tributaries with the help of the map provided and complete. Don't forget to refer to the atlas.
- West Bengal- Bihar
- Rajasthan
- Panjab
- Uttar Pradesh
- Assam
- Haryana
16. Where else can alluvial soil be found in India?
- Panjab
- Uttar Pradesh
- Haryana
- West Bengal
- Brahmaputra Valley
- Orissa
- Gujarat coast
- Coastal Plains.
17. Refer atlas and identify the physical divisions located on either side of the northern plains.
- Between the Northern Mountains and the peninsular plateau
18. The northern plains are classified based on the sediments deposited by different rivers.
19. How did the Northern plains form?
-During the formation of the Himalayas, a huge depression of more than 2000 metre depth took shape along the south parallel to the Himalayas.
-This extensive Plain took shape as a result of the continuous deposition by the rivers flowing down from the Himalayas for thousands of years.
-This plain, extending over seven lakh square kilometres and with kilometres of thick sediments, is one among the few extensive alluvial plains of the world.
-This plain is generally known as the Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra plain.
-The highly fertile alluvial soil is a characteristic feature of this plain.
20. Significance of the Northern plains.
- The Northern plains are the most fertile plain in the world.
- Many rivers and their tributaries flow through it.
- A variety of crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane, cotton, pulses, etc. are cultivated here. This region is known as the granary of India.
- The Northern Great Plain is one of the most densely populated regions in the world.
- The network of roads, rails and canals are largely concentrated in the northern plains.
21. The Northern plains are one of the most populous regions in the world. Why?
- This extensive Plain took shape as a result of the continuous deposition by the rivers flowing down from the Himalayas for thousands of years. This plain, extending over seven lakh square kilometres is one of the extensive alluvial plains of the world. The highly fertile alluvial soil is a characteristic feature of this plain. A variety of crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane, cotton, pulses, etc. are cultivated here. This region is known as the granary of India. For this reason, the Northern Plains is one of the most populous regions in the world.
22. Why is the northern great plain of India known as the 'Granary of India'?
- A variety of crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane, cotton, pulses, etc. are cultivated here. This region is known as the granary of India.
23. The network of roads, rails and canals is largely concentrated in the northern plains. Why?
- This is a levelled region where construction of railroads is easy.
- Canal networks have also expanded as rivers flow, which receive plenty of water throughout the year.
24. The western part of the northern plain (Marusthali -Baagar plain of Rajasthan) is sparsely populated. Why?
- Rainfall is scarce along with the western parts of the northern plains. That is why most regions in Rajasthan are deserts. This desert is known as the Thar Desert. Dry and salty desert soil is found in this region. Thorns and bushes form the natural vegetation here. Due to this, the population of this area is very low.
25. What are the main crops cultivated in Rajasthan?
- Bajra,
- Jowar,
- These crops require a very little amount of water to grow.
- Here cultivation is done mainly with the help of irrigation.
26. What are the features of the Punjab and Haryana plains?
- The Punjab plain is an extensive plain formed by the deposition of the Indus and its tributaries.
- Major crops here are wheat, maize, and sugarcane.
27. What are the soil types of the northern plains?
- Alluvial soil - highly fertile
- Desert soils - low moisture content, high salinity
28. Major features of the peninsular plateau are shown on the map. Read the map and list out these features.
29. Observe the map (TextBook - Fig 7.2) and find out the rivers flowing through the peninsular plateau.
- Mahanadi
- Godavari
- Krishna
- Kaveri
- Narmada
- Tapti
30. Explain the importance of the peninsular plateau.
- Entire portions of Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, as well as parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Odisha and West Bengal together, form a plateau known as the peninsular plateau.
-The peninsular plateau made of hard crystalline rocks forms the oldest and the most extensive physical division of India.
- It extends about 15 lakh square kilometres.
- It includes varied topography such as mountains, plateaus, and valleys.
- The highest peak in this region is the Anamudi (2695 m) situated in the Idukki district of Kerala.
- As the peninsular plateau holds numerous deposits of diverse minerals, this region can be termed the storehouse of minerals.
- The major vegetation of this region receiving seasonal rain is tropical deciduous.
- The trees found in this region are teak, sal, sandalwood, bamboo, etc.
- The rainy western slopes of the Western Ghats have tropical rainforests.
-A major portion of the Deccan plateau, which is the southern part of the peninsular plateau, has been formed by the cooling of lava that spread over the region millions of years ago.
-Black soil is extensively found in this region made of igneous rocks, named basalt.
-As this soil is best suited for cotton cultivation, it is also called black cotton soil.
-Red soil also formed by the weathering of igneous and metamorphic rocks is comparatively less fertile.
-The presence of iron gives a red colour to this soil.
-Laterite soil is formed in regions with monsoon rains and intermittent hot seasons.
31. Peninsular Rivers
- The rivers originating from the elevated regions of the peninsular plateau are known as peninsular rivers.
- As these are rain-fed rivers, the water flow in these rivers decreases in summer.
- The Godavari is the longest river in the Indian peninsula.
- Waterfalls are common on peninsular rivers.
- Jog Falls is the highest waterfall in India, located on the Sharavathi River in Karnataka.
- Peninsular Rivers are divided into two:
- West flowing rivers- Narmada & Tapti
- East flowing rivers- Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna & Kaveri
32. Observe the map (TextBook Fig 7.2) and complete the table by classifying the peninsular rivers based on their direction of flow.
33. Some of the peninsular rivers are tributaries of the Ganga and the Yamuna. Identify them with the help of the map (TextBook Fig 7.2).
Tributaries of the Ganga
- Son
Tributaries of the Yamuna
- Chambal
- Bettuva
- Ken
34. See the origin, length, and tributaries of major peninsular rivers given in the table (TextBook 7.3). Complete the table after identifying the states through which they flow and the sea which they join.
35. Most of the peninsular rivers enter the plains by forming waterfalls. Why is it so?
- Peninsular rivers Originate from the mountain ranges in the peninsular plateau.
They form waterfalls as they flow through hard and resistant rocks.
36. The difference between the Himalayan and peninsular rivers
The Himalayan rivers
• Originate from the Himalayan mountain ranges
• Extensive catchment area
• Intensive erosion
• Create gorges in the mountain region and meander in plains
• High irrigation potential
• Navigable along the plains
The Peninsular rivers
• Originate from the mountain ranges in the peninsular plateau.
• Comparatively smaller catchment area
• Intensity of erosion is less
• Do not create deep valleys as they flow through hard and resistant rocks
• Less irrigation potential
• Potential for inland navigation is low
37. The names of some major towns and cities situated along the river banks are given below. Prepare a table in the given format by identifying the river banks along which each is located. Also, locate these towns and cities in the outline map of India.
(New Delhi, Agra, Devaprayag, Varanasi, Allahabad, Patna, Guwahati, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Srinagar, Ahmedabad, Surat, Vijayawada, Thiruchirappalli, Tanjavur, Coorg)
38. Human life in the peninsular plateau.
- Cotton, pulses, groundnut, sugarcane, maize, ragi, chilli, etc., are the major agricultural crops of this region.
- Iron ore, coal, manganese, bauxite, limestone, etc. are the major minerals found here.
- Hence agriculture, mining, and mineral-based industries are the major economic activities.
39. Where are the coastal plains of India located?
-The approximate length of this coastline is 6100 kilometres extending from the Rann of Kutchh in Gujarat to the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta.
-The coastal plain of India can be divided into two.
-They are:-
-Western coastal plain,
-Eastern coastal plain.
40. Familiarise the coastlines and their characteristic features by observing the table and the map.
41. Deltas are commonly formed along the eastern coastal plain, but not along the western coastal plain. Why is it so?
- Most of the rivers that flow to the west coast end up in Backwaters. The western coastal plain is narrow so rivers that originate from the western side of Western Ghat have greater velocity and they do not form distributaries and delta.
42. Human life along the coasts.
- Fishing is the main occupation of the people in the coastal plains. Tourism also has great possibilities here. Rice and coconut are the major agricultural crops along the west coast. Rice is extensively cultivated in the basins of the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri along the east coast.
43. Which are the major islands in India?
- The Lakshadweep islands
- The Andaman and Nicobar islands
The Lakshadweep islands
- The Lakshadweep islands are situated in the Arabian Sea at a distance of about 300 kilometres offshore from Kochi.
- There are 36 islands in this island group, of which only 11 are inhabited.
- Kavaratti is the capital of Lakshadweep.
- Lagoons, sandy beaches and coral reefs are the specialities of the Lakshadweep island group.
- People depend largely on the sea for their sustenance as agriculture is sparse here.
- Fishing and tourism are the major sources of income.
The Andaman and Nicobar islands
- The Andaman and Nicobar islands include about 200 islands of Andaman group and 19 islands of Nicobar group.
- Most of these islands are not inhabited.
- Many of them have dense forests.
- The only volcano in India is situated in Barren Island here.
- Port Blair is the capital of Andaman and Nicobar islands.
- The Indira Point at the southernmost tip of the Nicobar islands is considered the southern end of India.
44. What are the factors influencing the climate of India?
• Latitude
• Physiography
• Nearness to sea
• Altitude
• Distance from the ocean
• Himalayan Mountain range
• Winds
45. The seasons in India can be generally classified into four. What are they?
• Cold weather season
• Hot weather season
• Southwest monsoon season
• Retreating monsoon season (North-East Monsoon)
46. Which are the months of cold weather in India?
- December, January, February
47. You might have heard from the media about the extreme cold of North India. Why is it so?
- India experiences winter when the position of the sun is over the southern hemisphere. Therefore, the intensity of Insolation in the northern hemisphere is lower. Due to this, northern India experiences warm during the day and severely cold at night. Snowfall is a common phenomenon in the hill stations like Manali and Shimla.
48. Explain the Cold weather season In India (Winter).
- The months of December, January, and February experienced cold weather in India.
- India experiences winter when the position of the sun is over the southern hemisphere.
- Most places in India experience intense fog and snowfall occurs in the valleys of the Himalayas during this season.
- During the cold-weather season days are generally warm and nights are severely cold in North India.
-Snowfall is a common phenomenon in the hill stations like Manali and Shimla.
49. The coastal regions experience comparatively high temperatures. Why?
- Because of the position of the Sun is in the Southern Hemisphere.
- The warm breeze blows into the coastline from the sea.
50. What is Western Disturbance
- The cyclones originating in the Mediterranean Sea during winter, gradually shifts towards the east and reaches India.
- This causes winter rainfall in the northern plains, especially in the Punjab region.
- The phenomenon is called the western disturbance.
- This rain is much beneficial for winter crops.
- Jet streams, the strong upper air currents in the troposphere have a significant role in bringing the western disturbance to India.
51. What is Jet streams?
- Jet streams, are the strong upper air currents in the troposphere.
- Jet streams play an important role in bringing the Western disturbance into India
52. Which are the months of the Hot weather season in India?
- March, April, May
53. Isn't the temperature in North India very high compared to the southern regions located close to the sea? Why does this happen?
- India experiences hot weather when the sun is over the northern hemisphere. Due to this, the temperature rises from south to north.
54. Explain the significance of the Hot weather season in India?
- India experiences hot weather when the sun is over the northern hemisphere.
- March, April and May are the months India experienced summer.
- It is in Barmer in western Rajasthan that the highest temperature of summer is felt.
- Loo, mango showers, etc. are some local winds experienced in India during this season.
- Kalbaisakhi is the phenomenon of heavy showers with thunder occurring in the West Bengal region during the hot weather season.
55. Which months does India experience southwest monsoon?
- June, July, August, September
56. Observe the map. The direction of the flow of the southwest monsoon winds is shown here. Make a description based on the indicators below.
* Two branches of the southwest monsoon
* Characteristics of the wind
- When the sun is over the northern hemisphere, North Indian regions experience intense low pressure. In the months of June, July, August and September India experience southwest monsoon season. Owing to the high pressure over the oceans, the wind blows from high pressure to low pressure regions, that is, from the Indian Ocean to the Indian sub-continent. As the winds deflect towards the right due to the Coriolis effect, they reach India as southwest monsoon winds. Because of the peculiar shape of the Indian peninsula,
the southwest monsoon winds bifurcate into two branches on entering the land.
• Arabian Sea branch
• Bay of Bengal branch
The Arabian Sea branch that reaches the coast of Kerala by early June causes heavy rainfall here. Then it advances to the states of Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat and causes rainfall in the western parts.
Rainfall is scarce in the Rajasthan region because the monsoon branch entering through Gujarat blows parallel to the Aravalli mountain ranges.
The Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon advances northward by absorbing more moisture from the Bay of Bengal. On reaching West Bengal, crossing the Sundarban delta, it bifurcates into two branches. One branch reaches the northeastern states through the Brahmaputra plains and causes heavy rainfall
there.
The other branch enters the Ganga plains and causes rainfall in West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, etc. This branch merging with the Arabian Sea branch in the Punjab plains advances north further and causes heavy rainfall along the foothills of the Himalayas.
57. Rainfall is comparatively less along the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats. Why?
- The western part of the Western Ghats receives a good amount of rain.
- As a result of the Western Ghats blocking the Arabian Sea branch of the southwest monsoon wind.
- The southwest monsoon winds will not be blowing to the east side of the Western Ghats.
- So the rainfall is comparatively less along the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats.
58. By what name is the southwest monsoon rain known in Kerala?
- Idavappathi (Kalavarsham)
59. What is the role of eastern highlands in bringing heavy rainfall to the northeastern states?
- The Bay of Bengal branch of the Southwest monsoon enters West Bengal and it bifurcates into two branches. One branch reaches the northeastern states through the Brahmaputra plain. These winds are blocked by the eastern mountains, including the Khasi and Garo Hills, and the northeastern states receive heavy rainfall there.
60. Observe the map. What causes the rightward deflection of these winds?
- By the end of September, as the sun apparently shifts towards the southern hemisphere, intense high pressure develops over the northern plains.
- Comparatively low pressure over the Indian Ocean causes the wind to blow from the northern part of India towards the Indian Ocean.
- These winds known as north-east monsoon winds are dry winds that do not generally cause any rain in India.
- This season is termed as the northeast monsoon.
- This season is actually a transition period between the rainy season and the forthcoming winter.
- This season is experienced during the months of October and November.
- The winds blowing from land to sea due to the attraction of low pressure over the Bay of Bengal take from northeast to south-west direction.
- It absorbs moisture from the Bay of Bengal and causes rainfall along the coromandel coast, especially the Tamilnadu coast.
- This is the main rainy season of Tamil Nadu.
- Kerala and some parts of Karnataka also receive northeast monsoon rains.
61. Make a note of the Northeast Monsoon or Retreating monsoon season.
- (See Question No. 60)
62. By what name is the northeast monsoon rain known in Kerala?
- Thulaavarsham.
63. October heat
- The days in October and November are unbearable due to high temperature and humidity. This phenomenon is known as October heat.
64. This map is prepared based on the amount of rainfall received in India.
Analyse the map and find answers to the following questions.
* Kerala
*
ii. Places receiving less than 60 cm of rainfall
* Rajasthan
*
iii. Reasons for these imbalances in the distribution of rainfall
* Physiography
*
Answer:
i. Places receiving more than 200 cm rainfall
* Kerala
* Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam
ii. Places receiving less than 60 cm of rainfall
* Rajasthan
* Kashmir, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka
iii. Reasons for these imbalances in the distribution of rainfall
* Physiography
* Nearness to sea
* Mountains
65. The distribution of rainfall is not uniform throughout India. What are the geographical reasons for this?
- Direction of winds
- Location of mountains
- Shape of Indian terrain
- Moisture content in the winds
66. Which is the geographical division marked as ‘A’ in the map? Write two features of this region
- (See Question No. 28)
67. Describe the characteristics of climatic phenomena in different parts of India during the winter and hot weather seasons.
- (See Question No. 48, 54)
68. Write down the major soils of India in terms of topography. Explain it.
Northern Highlands -mountain soil, Dark brown or black coloured soil
Northern Great Plains-alluvial soil, desert soil
Peninsular Plateau - Red Soil and Black Soil, Laterite soil
coastal plain-Alluvial soil
- Mountain soils are the major soils of the Trans-Himalayas and Himalayas in the northern mountain region. This soil, which is rich in organic matter, can be dark brown or black in colour.
- Alluvial soil is the major soil in the Punjab, Haryana plain, Ganges plain and Brahmaputra valley in the northern plains. Dry and salty desert soil is the major soil type in the Marusthali -Baagar plain of Rajasthan.
- A major portion of the Deccan plateau, which is the southern part of the peninsular plateau, has been formed by the cooling of lava that spread over the region millions of years ago. Black soil is extensively found in this region made of igneous rocks, named basalt. As this soil is best suited for cotton cultivation, it is also called black cotton soil. Red soil also occurs in large quantities. This soil formed by the weathering of igneous and metamorphic rocks is comparatively less fertile. The presence of iron gives the red colour to this soil. Laterite soil is formed in regions with monsoon rains and intermittent hot seasons. Alluvial soil is present throughout the coastal plains.
69. The following are some of the climatic phenomena experienced in India. In which season do each of them experience?
A- Western Disturbance
B- Mango showers
C- October heat
Answer:
A. Western Disturbances – winter season
b. Mango showers - Summer
c. October heat - North-East monsoon
70. Arrange the information in column B and C in accordance with column A.
71. Name the hills included in the eastern highlands.
- Patkaibum, Naga Hills, Garo, Khasi, Jayantia, Mizo
72. Based on location, subdivision and width factors, compare the western coastal plain and eastern coastal plain of India.
The western coastal plain
Location - Between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats.
Subdivisions -Gujarat coastal plain, Konkan coastal plain and Malabar coastal plain.
Width-comparatively narrow
East coastal Plain
Location — Between the Bay of Bengal and the Eastern Ghats
Subdivisions - Coromandel Coastal Plain and Northern Zircar Coastal Plain
Width- comparatively wide
73. Prepare a description of the Indus and Ganga rivers based on their origin, tributaries and lengths.
- The Indus River originates from the glaciers near Lake Manasarovar in Tibet. Only 709 km of the Indus River, which is about 2880 km long, flows through India. The Indus River, which flows through Tibet, enters India through the southeastern part of Jammu and Kashmir. The major tributaries are the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Sutlej. The Indus joins the Arabian Sea.
- Ganga is the largest river in India. The Ganges is 2,500 km long and originates from the Gomukh Caves in the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand. The Ganges flows through India and Bangladesh. The tributaries of the Ganges are the Yamuna, the Gomti, the Kosi, the Son, the Gandak and the Ghagra. Joins the Bay of Bengal.
74. The pairs below are from some of the peninsular rivers in India and their tributaries. Which of these is the wrong pair?
A. Godavari - Indravathi
B. Krishna - Tungabhadra
C. Kaveri - Amravathi
D. Narmada - Ib
Answer: Narmada - Ib
75. The mountain range in the southern end of the Himalayas is losing continuity in many places.
A. What is the name of the Himalayan range mentioned in the statement?
B. What is the average height of this division?
C. Write another feature of this division
Answer:
A. The Siwalik range
B. Average height 1220 m
C. Broad flat Valleys (Dunes)
76. Choose the soil most suitable for cotton cultivation.
(Black soil, red soil, lateral soil, mountain soil)
Answer: Black soil
77. Which rock type is most abundant in the Deccan Plateau?
- Igneous rocks/basalt
78. Which are the mountain ranges included in the Trans Himalayas?
- Karakoram, Ladakh and Saskar
79. Most parts of the state of Rajasthan are desert. Why?
- In the western part of the Northern Great Plains, there is very little rainfall.
80. Which is the highest mountain peak in India?
- Godwin Austin (Mount K2.)
81. Which is the southernmost point of India?
- Indira Point
82. Which is the longest river in the Indian Peninsula?
- Godavari
83. Which is the highest peak in the peninsular plateau?
- Anamudi
84. What is the cause of winter rains in Punjab? What is the agricultural significance of this rainfall in India?
- Western disturbance
- Winter Rainfall in the Northern great plain, particularly in Punjab
- These rains are very useful for winter crops
85. Analyse the role of jet streams in bringing the western disturbance to India.
- Jet streams play an important role in bringing the Western disturbance into India
- The jet stream is the upper air winds in the troposphere.
86. What are the major soils found in the peninsular plateau?
- Black Soil / Cotton Soil
- Red soil)
- Laterite
87. Where is the only volcano in India situated?
- The Barren Island (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)
88. Broad flat valleys seen along the Siwaliks ranges are called:
- Duns
89. Which mountain range is situated in the southernmost part of the Himalayas? Write any three features of this mountain range.
- Siwalik
- Situated to the south of the Himachal.
- Average height 1220 m
- The Himalayan rivers run across this mountain range and are losing continuity in many places.
- Long and wide valleys are found. These are called duns
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