STD 8 Social Science: Chapter 13 Social Groups and Social Control - Questions and Answers
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Social Science Chapter 13: Social Groups and Social Control
Questions and Answers & Model Questions
1. What is a social group? Specify example.
• A social group is formed when two or more people who are directly or indirectly interacting and working toward certain goals come together.
Eg: family, clubs
2. What is Social groups? Write another name for it?
• A social group is a group of people who have no mutual communication and no fixed relationships.
• Another name – Social aggregates (Quasi groups)
3. What do you mean by quasigroups or social aggregates?
• A group of people who are without knowing and communicating with each other. May not be any specific kind of relationship between these people. These groups of people are called social aggregates.
4. Examine the features of family as a social group.
• Small group
• Familiar people
• Elevated group consciousness
• Common ways of acting
• Satisfies the needs of the members
• Influences personality
5. How social groups are classified? Which are they?
• Social groups are classified on the basis of the strength of membership, the mutual relationship among the members, ways of working and attempts to accomplish tasks.
• i. Primary group, ii. Secondary group
6. What are Primary groups? Write its characteristics.
• Primary group is composed of a small group of people with intimate relationship, face-to-face interaction and mutual cooperation.
• Characteristics of primary groups
* Members know each other.
* Intimacy among the members.
* Continuous communication among the members.
* Welfare of members is a major aim.
* Mutual cooperation among the members.
7. List out the primary groups that are close to your life.
• Family, friends peers, neighbours, classmates.
8. What are the characteristics of secondary groups?
• More members than the primary of groups.
• Formal relationship among the members.
• Formed to satisfy the common needs of the members.
• Personal usefulness is the basis of membership in these groups.
• Some secondary groups cease to exist once the objectives are satisfied.
9. "Some groups cease to exist once the objectives are satisfied." Choose the correct
(i) Primary group (ii) Secondary group
• (ii) Secondary group
10. Identify the secondary groups associated with your life.
• Clubs, employees at work, college classes, sports teams etc.
11. List the following as characteristics of primary and secondary groups.
Intimacy among members
The number of members will be much higher
Formal relationship between members
There will be fewer members
Answer:
I. Primary group
• Intimacy among members
• There will be fewer members
ii. Secondary group
.The number of members will be much higher
.Formal relationship between members.
12. Write a short note on the influence and use of social groups in our life.
OR
“Community groups have an impact on our lives”. Clarify this statement
• Promote companionship
• Train behaviour patterns
• Promote coexistence
• Promote social values
• Ensure cooperation
13. Write down any three behaviour patterns and habits that you exhibit as a result of social pressure and control.
• Dress in a particular way
• Respect elders
• Obey traffic rules
14. "If the behaviour and habits of individuals are not controlled, the state of the community will change." Substantiate
• Community members can no longer live in harmony with one another
• Social security will be disturbed
• Society isolates blame or punish those who violate the law.
15. What is social control?
• The pressure and interventions exerted by each social group over its members in order to ensure and sustain a safe environment are called social control.
16. What are the features of social control?
• In every society there are certain commonly accepted standards of behaviour.
• Society establishes suitable social institutions for the regulation of behaviour and socialisation of its members.
• Social control is formally implemented through the systems such as police, court, prison and military.
• Society has institutions and systems to control, prevent or punish those who do not adhere to social control.
17. What are the main objectives of social control?
• Maintain social order
• Establish social unity
• Restrict the behaviour of individuals
• Prevent cultural conflicts
18. Family and law are tools of social control. Specify their role in community control.
• Family - Informal social control
• Behaviours, Fellowship, Coexistence, Social Value and Collaborative Cooperation
• Law - Formal social control
• In the event of a violation of the law, the police, the courts, the prison and the military are punished.
19. What will be the condition of society, if the behaviours and habits of individuals are not regulated?
• Members of the society may not be able to live in mutual agreement.
• Social security will be endangered
20. “Social control is not against individual freedom”. Validate this statement.
• Social control refers to the pressures and interventions that each social group exerts on its members to ensure and maintain a quiet environment. • It is not against individual freedom.
21. According to their common nature, means of social control can be classified into two categories.
Which are they? Make a flow chart
i) Formal social control
ii) Informal social control
22. Write the features of Informal Social Control.
• Not legally recorded ways of social control.
• Customs, folkways, beliefs and traditions are the informal means of social control.
• Violation of these will not lead to formal punishment. Such people are disgraced, isolated or excommunicated from society.
• Informal social control is implemented through the primary social groups like family, religion and peer group.
23. What type of social control are customs and traditions?
• Informal social control
24. The teacher congratulates the child who has topped the class. Which of the following is an example of this?
(Social change, community control, social security, social disorganisation)
• Social control
25. What do you mean by social deviance?
• Violation of the values, folkways, mores and laws that are accepted by the majority members of the society is called social deviance.
26. What kind of activity leads to social disorganisation?
• Social deviance on a large scale leads to social disorganisation
27. Explain social change and social disorganisation.
• Social change is the behaviour that violates the values, customs, ethics, and laws that are recognized and practised by the majority of society.
• When social deviance takes place on large scales, it may lead to social disorganisation
28. Write a short note on Formal Social Control.
• Punished through the systems like police, court and prison.
• Civilised societies use these methods for social control.
• These systems and institutions are established and implemented by the governments in each country.
• These systems may vary according to time and societies.
29. Social control is ensured not through conviction and punishment alone. Justify.
• Police make the lawbreakers pay fine or produce them before the court. The convicted are sentenced after the trial in the court. Prison is the formal system established for implementing the sentence.
• Society recognizes and respects those who achieve success through legally accepted ways.
• Achievements are recognized in order to popularise the attempts considered as models. This is another way of formal social control.
30. Perceptions of societies about social deviance may vary according to time and social circumstances. Give an example
• Tribal communities considered hunting animals as a symbol of bravery. But now hunting animals is a crime.
• Social control was done effectively through informal means among tribals and traditional societies.
• As societies developed in an unprecedented way and became complex by
absorbing pluralities, methods of social control also underwent changes.
• Formal systems came into existence.
31. Which of these official bodies was established by the government to carry out the execution?
(Prison, School, Peer group)
• Prison
32. List the activities below as formal community control and informal community control.
(Controls traffic, congratulates winning classmate, nation honours artist, mother embraces daughter who achieves trophy)
i) Formal community control
• Control traffic
• Nation honours artist
ii) Informal social control
• Congratulations on the winning companion
• The mother congratulates her daughter who achieves trophy.
33. Flow chart
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