STD 7 Social Science: Chapter 13 A Glimpse of India - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual


Textbooks Solution for Class 7 Social Science (English Medium) ഇന്ത്യയിലൂടെ | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 13 A Glimpse of India | ഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Teachers Handbook, Teaching Manual എന്നിവ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ലിങ്ക് ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങളുടെ അവസാനം നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.

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A Glimpse of India  - Questions and Answers
1. India is the 7th largest country in the world and has an area of --------square kilometres.
Answer: 3.28 million

2. Which part of India is known as the Northern mountain region?
Answer: The part of the Himalayas in India stretches over a distance of 2400 km between Jammu and Kashmir in the North West and Arunachal Pradesh in the North East. A majority of regions in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura are part of these mountain regions.

3. What is the importance of the Northern mountain region?
Answer: 
• Influences the climate: It protects us from the cold winds blowing from Central Asia during winter. The northern mountain blocks the monsoon wind and case rainfall all over North India.
• Natural barrier: To a certain extent these mountain ranges have been protecting us from the inversions of the North-West invaders since ancient times.
• Source of Rivers: The Indus, The Ganga and The Brahmaputra and their several tributaries originate from these mountain ranges.

4. What are the important crops grown in the hill regions of India?
Answer: Potato, barley and several varieties of flowers including saffron. Tea, Apple and orange are also grown in this region.

5. Which plain is known by the names ‘The North India plain’ and the ‘Indus – Ganga – Brahmaputra plain’?
Answer: The region encompassing the state of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and parts of West Bengal is plain. This plain is formed by the deposition of alluvium brought by the Indus, The Ganga, The Brahmaputra rivers and their tributaries. This plain is known by the names ‘The North India plain’ and the ‘Indus – Ganga – Brahmaputra plain’. It is a densely populated region in India.

6. The North Indian plain is described as the backbone of the Indian economy. Why?
Answer: This plain is formed by the deposition of alluvium brought by the Indus, the Ganga, the Brahmaputra rivers and their tributaries. The highly fertile alluvial soil is a characteristic feature of this plain. A variety of crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane, cotton, pulses, etc. are cultivated here. The Northern Plains is one of the most populous regions in the world. For this reason, the North Indian plain is described as the backbone of the Indian economy.

7. Rail, road, and canal networks are comparatively more in this physiographic unit. Why?
Answer:
• This is a levelled region where construction of rail-roads is easy.
• Canal networks have also expanded as rivers flow, which receives plenty of water throughout the year.

8. What is known as ‘Marusthali ‘?
Answer: The western part of this plain receives only scanty rainfall. Hence, most regions of the state of Rajasthan, located in the North-Western part of India is deserts. Their region is known as ‘Mareesthali’.

9. Which crops are cultivated in the North India plain?
Answer: Rivers crops like wheat, maize, paddy, sugar cane, cotton and pulses.

10. What are the chief crops of Rajasthan?
Answer: Jowar and Bajra.

11. What is known as the peninsular plateau?
Answer: The journey from the northern mountain region to south India reveals a vast plateau region immediately after the North India plain. This plateau covers the whole of the states of Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, parts of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal is known as the peninsular plateau.

12. The Deccan plateau is a part of the -------------. 
Answer: peninsular plateau.

13. What is the highest point of the peninsular plateau?
Answer: Anamudi

14. What are the major crops of the plateau region?
Answer: Cotton, pulses, groundnut, sugarcane, maize, ragi and chilli.

15. What are the rivers that originate from the peninsular plateau?
Answer: The Godavari, The Mahanadi, The Krishna, The Kaveri, The Narmada and The Tapti river.

16. India has a coastline of nearly ------------ kilometre.
Answer: 6100

17. ------------- are the major crops along with the western cost.
Answer: Paddy and coconut.

18. What is Islands?
Answer: Islands are the land area surrounded by the sea.

19. What is coral islands?
Answer: Corals are formed by the accumulation of calcium compounds secreted by coral polyps tiny marine organisms found in tropical oceans. Island form over these coral reefs of different shapes. The Lakshadweep islands and some islands in the Andaman and Nicobar group were formed in this way. These corals protect the islands from strong waves.

20. Lakshadweep islands situated in the -------------
Answer: Arabian Sea

21. Andaman and Nicobar island situated in the --------------
Answer: Bay of Bengal

22. What are the physiographic units of India?
Answer: The physiographic units of India are –
• The northern mountain region
• The north India plain
• The peninsular plateau
• The central plains and the islands

23. What are the important source of water in North India? 
Answer: The important sources of water in North India are the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra rivers and their tributaries.

24. What are Himalayan rivers?
Answer: The rivers that originate from the Himalayas are known as the Himalayan rivers.

25. What are the perennial rivers?
Answer: The rivers that originate from the snow-clad mountains, they are perennial rivers.

26. What are the peninsular rivers?
Answer: The rivers that originate from the peninsular plateau are known as the peninsular rivers. The Godavari, the Mahanadi, The Krishna, Kaveri etc. are the peninsular rivers.

27. Observe the map and classify the peninsular rivers on the basis of the ocean which they join.
Answer:
* Rivers flowing to the Arabian Sea 
• Narmada
• Tapti
* Rivers flowing to the Bay of Bengal
• Godavari
• Mahanadi
• Krishna
• Kaveri

28. What is the important soil types of India?
Answer: The important soil types of India are –
• Alluvial soil
• Black soil
• Desert soil
• Mountain soil
• Red soil

29. What is the most fertile soil?
Answer: Alluvial soil

30. ---------------- records the world’s highest rainfall is in India.
Answer: Cherrapunji

31. Why does the Indian climate is known as the tropical monsoon climate?
Answer: The climate of India is diverse. Cherrapunji which records the world’s highest rainfall is in India. Delhi shivers under a chilling cold of around 00 C during winter, it also experiences a burning heat of above 40o C at the peak of summer. During, winter, the temperature in Kargil and Dras in Jammu and Kashmir falls as low as -40o C. In spite of such diversities, the climate of India is generally known as a tropical monsoon climate.

32. The summer season in India is experienced between which months?
Answer: March to May.

33. The winter season in India is experienced between which moths?
Answer: December to February.

34. The rainy season in India is experienced between which months?
Answer: June to September and October to November.

35. Which three district seasons are identified in India?
Answer: Three district seasons are –
• The summer season
• The winter season
• The rainy season

36. Explain the summer season In India?
Answer: The summer season in India is experienced from March to May. During this period North India experiences severe heat. Summer is mild along the coast of South India owing to its proximity to the sea. Generally, the whole of India experiences drought during this period, though isolated summer rains are experienced in some regions.

37. Explain the winter season In India.
Answer: The winter season in India is experienced from December to February. During this period, North India experiences severe cold and snowfall occur along with the Himalayan mountain ranges.
Though generally, the atmosphere remains dry, rainfall occurs in Punjab and surrounding regions during this period. It is ideal for wheat cultivation.

38. Explain the rainy season In India?
Answer:
There are two rainy seasons in India. The first one is from June to September. During this season, the mountain ranges block the moisture-laden winds blowing from the Indian Ocean and cause widespread rain all along with the western coast, the northeastern states, and along the foothills of the Himalayas. This period, known as the southwest monsoon season, is the rainiest period in India.
After a short break, the rainy season is back from October to November. During this period, known as the north-east monsoon season, the eastern coast of India receives the highest amount of rainfall, especially along the Tamil Nadu and the Andhra coasts. Kerala also receives these rains.

39. What is Drought?
Answer: Drought is the situation of severe water scarcity due to either the lack of rain on overexploitation of water. It is estimated that one-third of India is drought-affected. The severity of this disaster which causes crop failure, scarcity of potable water etc. can be reduced by: –
• Linking water-rich rivers with the water-deficient rivers of the dry regions
• Cultivating drought-resistant crops
• Promoting rainwater harvesting

40. What are the causes of floods?
Answer: The causes of flood in India are –
• The heavy rains during monsoons
• Construction of houses on the river banks
• The reclamation of paddy fields.

41. What are the precautionary steps and measures adopted to check and to reduce the damage to life and property caused by a flood?
Answer: 
• Construction of dams
• A forestation
• Discouraging large–scale construction in the upper course of rivers
• Relocating people from the flood-affected regions
• Establishing an early warning system.

42. What is Known as Natural vegetation?
Answer: The types of plant species that grow in accordance with the physical characteristics of an area such as physiography, climate, and soil types are its natural vegetation.

43. Write about the tropical evergreen forests?
Answer: The evergreen forests exist along the Western Ghats and the northeastern states, where there is high annual rainfall. Lion-tailed macaque different types of snakes, a variety of insects, and different species of butterflies are found in these forests.

44. Write about the deciduous forest?
Answer: Deciduous forests grow in areas where only seasonal rainfall is available. It forms the major natural vegetation in the Indian peninsula. Different varieties of deer, hare, peacock, hornbill, several others special at birds, Indian gaur, elephants, tiger etc are found in this forest.

45. Write about tropical thorns and shrubs?
Answer: As rainfall is meagre, only thorny and shrub vegetation grows in the Rajasthan desert and in the central part of the peninsula. Camel, vulture, eagle, and several reptiles inhabit this fry region.

46. What do you know about mangrove forests?
Answer: These are peculiar plant species that grow in saline soil. The mangrove forest protects the river banks and coastal zones from shelving. The mangrove forests of West Bengal are the natural habitat of the Bengal Tiger. The mangrove roots provide a breeding ground t several species of fish.

47. What do you know about montane forests?
Answer: The coniferous trees that grow in the higher reaches and the mosses in the severely cold regions fall in the category of montane forests. Several rare animals and the Himalayan tahr have their habitats in these forests.

Let us Assess

1. 'The physiography influences the human life of India.' Elucidate.
Answer: India has diverse physiography. The people living in those areas are affected by those physical aspects. They cultivated different crops in
accordance with the suitable climate of their region. The deposition of the alluvial soil by the rivers is the reason for the progress of agriculture in the Northern plain. Diverse crops like wheat, maize, paddy, sugarcane, cotton and pulses are cultivated in the North Indian plain. Mining and mineral-based industries are the chief sectors of occupation in the peninsular plateau region that is rich in mineral deposits like iron ore, manganese, bauxite, and limestone. Paddy and coconut are the major crops along the western coast. Fishing is the main occupation of the people along the coast.

2. To which coastal plain of India does the coast of Kerala belong? Mention the general features of this coastal plain.
Answer:
• The Kerala coast belongs to the western coastal region.
• The coast here is narrower compared to the Eastern coast.
• Several backwaters exists there.
• The main crops are paddy and coconut.

3. Write any two features of the peninsular plateau.
Answer:
• The Godavari, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the Kaveri, the Narmada,
and the Tapti rivers originate from the peninsular plateau.
• Mining and mineral-based industries are the chief sectors of occupation in this plateau region that is rich in mineral deposits like iron ore, manganese, bauxite, and limestone. 





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