Class 4 EVS Unit 1: Fields and Forests - Questions and Answers, Teaching Manual 


നാലാം ക്‌ളാസിലെ EVS ലെ Fields and Forests പഠിക്കുന്നതിനും, പഠിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിനും ആവശ്യമായ വിവിധ പഠനസഹായികൾ ഇവിടെ പോസ്റ്റ് ചെയ്യുന്നു | Student Support Materials for Class 4 EVS - Unit 1: Fields and Forests (വയലും വനവും) - Study Materials & Teaching Manual / Questions and Answers. ഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Malayalam Medium Notes Click here. 
Fields and Forests

പഠനനേട്ടങ്ങൾ 
# Classify the Organisms you know according to the place the live
# Live Only on land
• Squirrel
• Cat
• Elephant
• Goat 
• ............

# Live-only water
• Fish
• Dolphin
• Octopus
• Whale
• Prawn
• ...........

# Live both land and water
• Frog
• Crocodile 
• Tortoise 
• Seal (കടൽനായ)
• Crab
• Otter (നീർനായ)
• .............

# What are Amphibians 
Amphibians are called vertebrates that complete their life cycles on land and water. 

# Name some Amphibians 
• Frog
• Salamander 
• Newt 
• Caecilians 
• Vocal suc
• Olm
• Axolotl 

# What is Adaptation
An organism has certain peculiarities that help it to live in its dwelling place. This is called adaptation. 

# Draw a picture of a fish and label it.
# What are the adaptations of the fish?
• The boat-like shape with both ends pointed enables the fish to move through the water. (Boat-like shape)
• Fins help them swim in the water.   (Fins help to  swim in water)
• Slippery bodies help them glide in the water.   (Slimy body helps in gliding) 
• Gills help to breathe in water.  
• Tightly arranged scales protect them from heat and cold (Tightly arranged scales)
• Eyes situated on both sides of the head allows them to get a better view of theirs.  (Eyes on both sides of the head)
# The organ of breathing in fish
Gills

# How do Frogs breathe on land?
through the nose/lungs 

# How do Frogs breathe in water?
Skin

# How Fish Breathe
You have lungs for breathing. Most fish have gills for breathing. Gills have thin tubes that carry blood. As water goes into a fish's mouth it passes over the gills. The gills take oxygen out of the water. All animals must have oxygen to live. Blood in the gills picks up the oxygen and takes it everywhere in the fish's body. A waste gas called carbon dioxide also goes out of the fish's body through the gills.

# Some Organisms and their adaptations
# Adaptations of eagles
• Sharp and bend beak
• Sharp and bent claws 
• Sharp sight

# Adaptations of storks
• Long legs that help to stand in water to catch fish
• Long neck and beak allow finding fish underwater

# Adaptations of Water Hyacinth
• As it has a wax-type covering around the leaf it does not decay in water
• it floats on water as it has air cavities in its stem and leaves

# Adaptations of Fish
• The fins also help to swim in water
• The boat-like shape with both ends pointed enables the fish to move through water.
• The fish can breathe the air in water.
• Gills help to breathe in water.
• Caudal fins help to change the direction.

# Adaptations of water lily and lotus
• They do not decay in water.
• The leaves float on water surface. Wax coating on the leaves.
• Air cavities in leaf and petiole.
• The flower remains erect above the water level.
• Strong root system.

# Adaptations of Frog
• The slippery body
• Skin jointed digits.
• The limbs help it to hop on the land
• The frog can breathe through the skin while in water, and it can breathe through the nostrils while on land.
# Which are the Adaptations that help tortoises to move in water and on land.
• Slimy body.
• Ore-like legs.
• Organs that help to breathe on land.
• The legs help them to move on land as well as underwater.

# Adaptations of Crane
• Long legs 
• Long neck.
• Long and pointed beak.

# Adaptations of Duck
• Oily feathers
• Flat beak to collect food in mud and water
• Webbed feet

# Adaptations of wood pecker
• Strong beak to search prey by breaking the stem of trees.
• Toes with strong nails to sit firmly on trees.

# Adaptations of crocodile
• Slimy body
• Suitable body sharp to move in water.
• Long tail and legs suitable to move in water and land.

# Adaptations of water snake
• Body suitable to move in water 
• Scales in the abdomen help to move on land

# Adaptations of Squirrel
• Claws helps to climb on tree
• Colour suitable to escape from enemies.

# Adaptations of Otter ( നീർനായ)
• Webbed feet
• Nostrils and ears close shut underwater
• It can hold air in its lungs to float 
• Retractable claws

# Adaptations of Crmorant (നീർകാക്ക)
• It can swim with its webbed feet and wings 
• Plugged nostrils are an adaptation to swim underwater.
• Its two layer of feathers helps to swim and keep warm

# Adaptations of Kingfisher ( മീൻകൊത്തി)
• Strong sharp pointed beak allows to dive into the water without splashing 
• Its beak helps to catch and kill the prey. 
• It flap their wings from the water

# Adaptations of Owl (മൂങ്ങ)
• Large eyes with excellent night vision and excellent hearing 
• Large wings
• Soft feathers allow silent flight.
• Sharp talons to grab the prey. 

# Adaptations of Parrot (തത്ത) 
• Strong and curved beak to crack nuts and defend themselves 
• Feet and special toes to hang on trees and hold food. 
# Where do Animals live?
• Rocky land
• Pools or Ponds
• Hills
• Groves
• Grasslands
• Bushes 
• Trees
• Fields
• Forests
• Soil

# Name some organisms that live in soil and Name some organisms that live on trees. 
# Organisms that dwells in soil
• White ants
• Ant
• Spider
• Termites
• Earthworm
• Millipedes
• Elephant
• Goat
• Grass
• Plants

# Organisms that dwells on trees
• Ant
• Snake
• Birds
• Bat
• Climbers
• some types of plants

# Make a list of the benefits of Banyan trees for animals;
• For shelter
• For food
• For protection
• For air purification
• For shade
• For protection from predators

# What are the factors needed for the growth of plants?
• Soil
• Water
• Air 
• SunlighT

# What are called biotic factors?.
Living things are biotic factors. 
Example: Plants, Animals

# What are called abiotic factors?.
Nonliving things are abiotic factors. 
Example: Soil, Air, Water

# How do abiotic factors help animals and plants?
• Plants and animals need air for breathing.
• Plants and animals cannot live without water.
• Plants cannot grow without sunlight.
• Plants anchor on the earth because of soil.

# How do biotic and abiotic factors depend on each other?
 Biotic /
Abiotic factors		Interdependence 
   Fish
  		 • live in water
 • feed on small organisms in water
  Water • provides dwelling place for organisms
  Banyan tree • makes the soil fertile
 • helps  retain  water in the soi
  Lotus • Living in the Water
  Rock  • Providing living place for organisms
  Air • Organisms need air to breathe and live
  Frog • Lives both in water and on land
  Water Snake  • Lives in water and feeds on small animals 
  Light • Help the organisms to
  Tortoise  • Digs burrows in the soil and lives there
  Soil • Helps the plants to grow
  Vines • Gives fruit, grows towards the sunlight

# What is an Ecosystem?
An ecosystem includes the mutually dependent biotic and abiotic factors of a particular place.
# Make a  list of Ecosystems in your locality.
• Hils
• Bushes
• sacred groves (kavukal)
• Pond
• Mangroves
• Farmlands

# How beautiful is the forest! Why is it so beautiful?
# Forest is the habitat of diverse living things. Discuss with your friends and prepare notes.
In a forest, there are large trees, bushes and small plants. Many large animals, birds and small insects live in it. Streams and rocks can also be seen. Many rare organisms and plants are also there in a forest. The forest is natural wealth. So we to conserve the forests.
• Variety of plants and animals are present in the forest 
• We get a variety of useful things from the forest 
• Forest helps to get rain
• Rivers originate from the forest 

# Forest is an Ecosystem. How is the forest useful to us and other organisms?
• Rivers originate from the forest. 
• Forest help to get rain.
• We get pure air from the forest.
• Variety of plants and animals are present in the forest.
• Provides coolness.
• We get a variety of useful things from the forest.

# Demerits of filling paddy fields.
• Decreasing agricultural land 
• Scarcity of food
• Extinction of living beings 
• Scarcity of water 
• Flood

# What are the harmful effects of the demolition of hills and Forests?
• The organisms on the hill lose their home
• Plants perish.
• Streams dry.
• Water scarcity occurs.
• Natural calamities occur.

# How do the harmful activities of man affect an ecosystem?
• Deforestation 
• Field filling
• Disposal of plastic waste 
• Distruction of hill * Sandmining
• excessive use of pesticides

# What are the activities that we can do to protect our environment?
• Planting sapling
• Make a medicinal plant garden 
• Gardening
• Biodiversity park
• Creating environmental awareness 
• Reduce the use of plastic materials 
• The use of paper bags and ink pens 
• Making posters and leaflets
• Cleaning the environment
• Conservation of water
• Making mudwall
• Making Bio-fencing
 


ഈ ബ്ലോഗിലെ എല്ലാ പോസ്റ്റുകളും ഒരുമിച്ച് കാണാനും ആവശ്യമുള്ളവ എളുപ്പത്തിൽ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാനും ഇവിടെ ക്ലിക്കുക.

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