Kerala Syllabus Class 7 Social Science: Chapter 07 From Food Production to Food Security - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual
Questions and Answers for Class 7 Social Science (English Medium) ഇന്ത്യൻ ഉപഭൂഖണ്ഡം | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 07 From Food Production to Food Security - Teaching Manual | Teachers Handbookഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Teachers Handbook, Teaching Manual എന്നിവ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ലിങ്ക് ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങളുടെ അവസാനം നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.
ഈ ബ്ലോഗ് അഡ്‌മിൻറെ രേഖാമൂലമുള്ള അനുമതിയില്ലാതെ ഈ ബ്ലോഗിൽ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങൾ, ഇതേരീതിയിലോ പി.ഡി.എഫ് രൂപത്തിലോ, മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ഡിജിറ്റലോ, പ്രിന്റഡ് ഉൾപ്പെടെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപങ്ങളിലേക്കോ മാറ്റി മറ്റൊരു വെബ്സൈറ്റിലോ, ബ്ലോഗിലോ, യുട്യൂബ്, സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയാ ഗ്രൂപ്പുകളിലോ ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഒരിടത്തും പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലാത്തതാകുന്നു.
Std 7: Social Science Chapter 07: From Food Production to Food Security - Questions and Answers
♦ You have read an excerpt from Neetu’s diary.
♦ What kind of food crops do they cultivate for daily purposes?
Paddy, eggplant, brinjal, yard-long beans, snake gourd, lady’s finger, spinach, yam, sorghum etc.
♦ How is surplus production used?
Neetu’s mother gave some to Keerthi’s house and sold the rest in the market.
♦ What are the benefits of such farming?
• Producing and using our own food becomes a habit.
• Non-toxic foods can be used
• Recognize the need for farming
• Ensuring food self-sufficiency
• Being able to generate income and save.
♦ What is Subsistence Farming?
• This is the method in which farmers produce and use only the products required
for their sustenance.
• Obtaining profit is not the primary objective of this method.
• Traditional agricultural tools are mostly used in this farming.
♦ What is Mixed Farming?
• Mixed farming is the simultaneous cultivation of more than one crop in a given plot of land.
• Along with this, livestock rearing, poultry farming, fish farming etc. can also be combined.
♦ What are the benefits of this form of Mixed farming?
• Livestock feed comes from agriculture
• Manure required for agriculture is also obtained from livestock
• The cost of production will be relatively low
• Integration of various types of crops
• Availability of a variety of food products
♦ What are the characteristics of Plantation Crops?
• Long-term income
• Cost of production is relatively low
• Large area cultivation
• Large-scale production
♦ What are the benefits of Cultivating Commercial Crops?
• large-scale production of agricultural products on commercial basis.
• Providing agricultural raw materials to industries.
• High capital investment
• Use of modern technology
♦ Tabulate the features of different types of farming methods
| Subsistence Farming | Mixed Farming |
| • Production for own consumption • Cultivation is possible even in small plot of land • Traditional agricultural tools are mostly used in this farming • Non-toxic foods can be used • Obtaining profit is not the primary objective of this method | • The same fertilizer can be used for multiple crops • Lower cost of production • Integration of various types of crops • Availability of a variety of food products • Livestock feed comes from agriculture |
| Cultivation of Plantation Crops | Cultivation of Commercial Crops |
| • Cost of production is relatively low • Large-scale production • Large area cultivation • Long-term income | • High capital investment • Provides raw materials • High capital investment • Large-scale production |
♦ Agriculture – for Food and Income…
• Paddy
• Maize
• Wheat
• Tea
♦ Which are the other crops?
• Rubber
• Cotton
♦ How are agricultural crops in India classified based on their use?
Agricultural crops are broadly classified into food crops and cash crops.
♦ Difference between food crops and cash crops.
Food crops are crops that can be used as food, whereas, crops used for commercial and industrial purposes are called cash crops.
♦ Find the crops of our country and complete the list.
| Food crops | Cash crops |
| • Rice • Wheat • Maize • Barley • Tapioca • Legumes | • Cotton • Rubber • Jute • Coffee • Cardamom • Pepper |
♦ From the table given below you can understand which crops grow in which states. Identify those states on the map and colour them.
| Crops | States |
| • Wheat | • Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Haryana |
| • Cotton | • Maharashtra, Gujarat, Telangana and Rajasthan |
| • Rice | • West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Bihar |
• Fertile soil
• Favourable weather
• Irrigation facility
• Abundant rainfall
• land area
• Diverse topography
♦ What are the agricultural seasons in our country?
Kharif
Rabi
Zaid
Zaid
♦ Can all crops be grown everywhere? Why? Make a note.
Different crops are grown in different regions because crop growth depends upon geographical conditions such as physiography, fertile soil, availability of water and climate.
♦ What are Agro-based industry?
Agro-based industries are industries that depend and function on agricultural
products.
Eg: Textile industry, Sugar industry
♦ Find more Agro-based industries that use agricultural products as raw materials and add them to the list.
| Agricultural products | Industry |
| • Cotton | • Textile industry |
| • Sugarcane | • Sugar industry |
| • Jute | • Jute industry |
| • Rubber | • Tyre Industry |
| • Tea | • Tea Industry |
♦ What are Minerals?
Minerals are metallic and non-metallic compounds found in the Earth’s crust.
♦ Write examples of metallic minerals
• Hematite, Magnetite, Calamine, Bauxite and Cinnabar are metallic minerals.
♦ Write examples for non-metallic minerals
Mica, Diamond, Silica (Sand) etc. are non-metallic minerals
♦ Write examples for fuel minerals.
Coal and Petroleum are fuel minerals.
♦ What are Mineral-based industry?
Mineral-based industries are those that utilise minerals as major raw materials.
♦ What are the features of the Iron ore industry?
• Iron ore industry is the largest mineral-based industry in the country.
• It is the backbone of the industrial sector and is known as the Primary Industry.
♦ List out Important mineral-based industries.
• Iron and Steel industry
• Copper industry
• Aluminium industry
• Cement Industry
• Coal Industry
♦ What are the following minerals used for? Find their usages and complete the list.
| Minerals | Usage |
| • Hematite | • Manufacture of iron bars |
| • Silica (sand) | • House construction, Glass manufacturing |
| • Bauxite | • Aircraft and electrical equipment |
| • Diamond | • Jewelry Making, Industrial use |
| • Coal | • Railway, Iron and Steel production |
| • Petroleum | • Vehicle fuel, Paint manufacturing |
♦ What are the reasons for the problems faced by the Indian agriculture sector during the pre-independence and post-independence period?
• The land tax system implemented by the British
• Limited infrastructure
• Farmers indebtedness
• Neglect of food crops
• Outdated technology
♦ What is the Land Reforms Act?
According to the Land Reforms Act, a limit was set for the possession of land a person could own. The land above that limit was known as surplus land. It was taken over by the government and distributed to the landless peasants and tenants.
♦ What is the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution was a programme that massively increased the production of food grains using high-yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, new technologies, loans at low interest rates and scientific irrigation.
♦ Why Green Revolution is also called the ‘Wheat Revolution’?
The result of Green Revolution was first visible in wheat production. Hence it is also called ‘Wheat Revolution’.
♦ The result of Green Revolution was first visible in which food grains?
Wheat
♦ The Father of the Indian Green Revolution
Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
♦ Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
• The Father of the Indian Green Revolution
• Born on August 7, 1925, in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu.
• First Director of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
• In collaboration with Norman E. Borlaug implemented Green Revolution.
• Honoured by the Nation with Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan and Bharat Ratna.
• He passed away on 28 September 2023 in Chennai.
♦ Who is the father of the Green Revolution?
Norman Ernest Borlaug
♦ What are the benefits and limitations of the Green Revolution?
Benefits
• Increase in the production of food grains.
• Ensured self-sufficiency in food.
• The price of food grains dropped.
• The black marketing and hoarding of food grains declined.
• Dependence on food imports has decreased.
• Reserves could be kept for use in case of food shortages.
• A marketed surplus occurred due to higher production.
♦ Limitations
• Due to excessive use of water, groundwater level decreased drastically
• Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides reduced natural fertility of the soil.
• Small farmers could not afford the new technology. So the big farmers benefited more.
• Their achievements were confined to the production of wheat and rice crops.
♦ Who is the Indian mathematician described as a ‘mathematical wizard.’?
Srinivasa Ramanujan
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♦ What is Poverty?
Poverty is a condition in which basic human needs such as food, clothing, shelter, education and health are not accessible as per the requirement.
♦ What is meant by the Poor?
The poor are those who do not have the access to income or property to meet even their basic needs.
♦ What is the Poverty Line?
A poverty line is an imaginary line that divides the population of a country into those who are poor and not.
♦ What are the Common causes of poverty?
• Unemployment
• Inequality of opportunity
• Indebtedness
• Price rise
• Overpopulation
• Unbalanced distribution of wealth
• Lack of capital
• Lack of quality education
♦ What is the Multidimensional Poverty Index?
• The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a new method developed to measure global poverty.
• It was jointly prepared by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• Multidimensional poverty is calculated by assessing twelve indicators across three dimensions: health, education and standard of living of the members of a household.
♦ Which are the 5 states with the highest poverty?
Bihar, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh
♦ Which is the lowest poverty state in India?
Kerala
♦ Which three states stand just above Kerala in Multidimensional Poverty Index?
Goa, Tamil Nadu and Sikkim
♦ How much of Kerala’s poverty has decreased in 2019-2021 compared to 2015-2016.
0.15%
♦ How Kerala has achieved the lowest poverty state in India?
• Quality Education
• Social welfare schemes
• Public Distribution System
• Food security
♦ What are the poverty alleviation schemes implemented by the Central Government to eradicate the poverty prevalent in our country?
The poverty alleviation schemes can be classified into three categories.
1. Self-Employed Wage Employment Schemes
2. Food Security Projects
3. Social security Schemes
1. Self-Employed Wage Employment Schemes
i. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
ii. Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana
Objectives: Adults with low income receive employment opportunities and income.
iii. Life Plan
Objectives: To provide livelihood to dependents of victims of crime who are suffering financial hardship
iv. Ayyankali Urban Employment Guarantee Scheme
Objectives: Employment is provided to the adult members of every household living in urban areas who are willing to do unskilled manual labour.
2. Food Security Projects
i. Public Distribution System (PDS)
Objectives: Ensuring food security of the people.
ii. PM POSHAN
Objectives: Mid-day meal scheme for 1st to 8th-grade school children
iv. Subhiksha Keralam Scheme
Objectives: The project is being implemented in Kerala to achieve self-sufficiency in food.
3. Social security Schemes
i. National Social Assistance Scheme
ii. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bhima Yojana
Objectives: Provide pension and insurance coverage to indigent senior citizens.
iii. Niramaya Health Insurance Scheme
Objectives: Scheme to provide health insurance to differently-abled persons in the State.
♦ Name the Social welfare schemes implemented by the Kerala Government?
• Snehasanthwanam
• Vayomithram
• Extreme Poverty Eradication
• Karunya Health Insurance
• Thalolam
• Aswasakiranam
• Snehapoorvam
• Cancer Suraksha
• Life Mission
♦ Kudumbashree
• Kudumbashree is a project launched on 17 May 1998, with the aim of poverty alleviation and economic upliftment of women.
• Kudumbashree members are also employed in initiatives like She Starts, Janakeeya Hotels, Kochi Metro Service and Kerala’s first water metro service.
♦ Food Security
Food security means ensuring that all people have access to adequate quantity of safe and nutritious food always and to guarantee necessary circumstances to obtain it.
♦ Why can’t food safety be ensured?
• Climate change
• Low income
• Lack of availability of food
• Industrialisation
• Rise in Prices
• Imbalance in Distribution
• Population growth
• Unemployment
• Lack of interest in agriculture
• Absence of subsidies
• Natural disaster
• War
♦ Which are the government agencies that distribute food grains at subsidy rates? Find more and complete the list.
• Civil Supplies
• Triveni Super Market
• Public Distribution Centre
• Neethi store
• Horticorp
• Nanma Store
• Maveli Store
♦ What is the key objective of the Hunger-Free Kerala Project?
The key objective of the Hunger-Free Kerala Project is to eliminate hunger and make Kerala a hunger-free state.
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