Kerala Syllabus Class 7 Social Science: Chapter 08 Power to the People - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual 


Questions and Answers for Class 7 Social Science (English Medium) അധികാരം ജനങ്ങൾക്ക് | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 08 Power to the People - Teaching Manual | Teachers Handbook
ഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Teachers Handbook, Teaching Manual എന്നിവ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ലിങ്ക് ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങളുടെ അവസാനം നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.

ഈ ബ്ലോഗ് അഡ്‌മിൻറെ രേഖാമൂലമുള്ള അനുമതിയില്ലാതെ ഈ ബ്ലോഗിൽ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങൾ, ഇതേരീതിയിലോ പി.ഡി.എഫ് രൂപത്തിലോ, മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ഡിജിറ്റലോ, പ്രിന്റഡ് ഉൾപ്പെടെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപങ്ങളിലേക്കോ മാറ്റി മറ്റൊരു വെബ്സൈറ്റിലോ, ബ്ലോഗിലോ, യുട്യൂബ്, സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയാ ഗ്രൂപ്പുകളിലോ ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഒരിടത്തും പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലാത്തതാകുന്നു.

Std 7: Social Science Chapter 08: Power to the People - Questions and Answers
♦ What are the factors that have become the driving force behind the developmental progress of Pookkottumala village? 
• The Active participation of the people in Gram Sabhas
• The planning and timely intervention of officers
• The commitment of the people

♦ There may be some developmental activities that were planned and executed through grama sabhas and ward sabhas in your region as well. Find out and list them. 
• Construction of roads
• Anganwadi renovation
• Construction of bus stop
• Installation of traffic lights

♦ Find out the following from Nivin’s post.
♦ What is referred to in the post?
About the Gram Sabha

♦ What are discussed in grama sabhas?
• Discussions regarding the development of the place
• Regional development activities

♦ Who presides over a grama sabha?
Panchayat President

♦ What is the system in cities which is equal to grama sabhas?
Ward sabha

♦ Who is the convenor of the grama sabha?
Ward Member

♦ Have you seen the notice and the picture given above? These are the pictures of the grama sabha and the notice for convening it. Find out and list what activities are going on in the grama sabha from the notice. (Textbook Page No: 121)
• Regional developmental activities – discussion and planning
• Discussions on the general development of the area
• Honoring the talented persons
• To select the beneficiaries for individual concessions
• 'Let's Proceed' -Women Empowerment Programme

♦ Consolidate the facts that you have understood on the functioning of grama sabhas and prepare a note. 
• A grama sabha is a committee that includes all who are enlisted in the voters’ list of each ward in every grama panchayat. 
• In the cities, it is known as ward sabha. 
• In grama sabhas the day-to-day problems of people would also be discussed apart from the discussion on the development of the locality. 
• The grama sabha is convened at least once in three months. 
• The grama sabha is the platform for ensuring equality of status and equal rights among citizens. 
• The grama sabhas provide opportunities for the public to participate in the democratic process and to take decisions. 
• The Chairman of the Gram Sabha is the Panchayat President and the Convener is the Ward Member

♦ First of all, let us prepare a notice to invite members for the class sabha. What are the details that have to be furnished in the notice? Which are the developmental activities to be discussed in the class sabha?
• The changes for making the classroom child-friendly
• Activities for the cleanliness of the school premises
• Fresh water should be provided in the class
• Seating can be arranged in the interests of the children
• Children's learning products can be displayed beautifully
• Activities to make schools green 
• Make it a differently-abled friendly school 
• Provide necessary equipment to make it sports-friendly

♦ Find out the vision of Gandhiji concerning the development of villages.
• Attain self-sufficiency in catering to the major needs of the village. 
• Make villages complete republics
• Engage in mutual aid with others only when reliance is needed 
• The main interest of the villages should be to increase the yield of food and cotton for cloth
• Cattle should have separate place in the village
• Both adults and children need entertainment and recreational facilities
• Land should be used to grow produce
♦ What is decentralization of power?
In a political or administrative system, the transfer of power legally to the people to take decisions and execute them is called decentralisation of power. 

♦ What are the characteristics of decentralization?
• Importance to regional development
• Common people have more power and participation in the administration
• Development of the local economy
• Developmental needs get prioritised
• Women and the marginalised get leadership and administrative experience

♦ Compare and list Centralisation of Power and Decentralisation of Power
Centralisation of Power Decentralisation of Power
• The power to decide and implement things is concentrated only at the top levels• The power to make decisions and execute is legally transferred to the people
• The common people do not get the opportunity to become a part of administrative affairs.• Common people have more power and participation in the administration
• Power is not distributed to the people• Power is legally distributed to the people
♦ Which Article deals with the formation of Panchayats in the Constitution of India?
Article 40

♦ What are the important committees appointed to strengthen the local self-government system?
• Belwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)
• K. Santhanam Committee (1963) 
• Ashok Mehta Committee (1978)
• G.V.K. Rao Committee (1985)
• L.M. Singhi Committee (1986) 
• P.K. Thungon Committee (1988) 
• Gadgil Committee (1988)

♦ List the major recommendations of the committees formed under the leadership of Balwantrai Mehta and Ashok Mehta.
The Recommendations of
Belwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)		 The Recommendations of
Ashok Mehta Committee (1978)
• The three-tier panchayat system – Grama Panchayat, Panchayat Committee, District Parishad
• The power for planning and execution to be given to Panchayat Committees and supervision and organisation for District Parishad
• Direct election in Grama Panchayats
• Indirect election in District Parishad and Panchayat Committee		• The two-tier system – Mandal Panchayat, District Parishad
• The District Parishad shall have the charge over the district-level planning. Mandal panchayats are in charge of the villages.
• Constitutional validity for panchayat institutions
• Reservation for Scheduled Caste – Scheduled Tribe
♦ Conduct a panel discussion, including more details about the two committees given above.
● The Recommendations of Belwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)
• Three-tier Panchayatiraj system - Grama Panchayat at village level, Panchayat committee at block level and District Parishad at district level.
• Direct elections to Gram Panchayats and indirect elections to Panchayat committee and District Parishad
• The authority for planning and development activities will be vested in these components
• The Panchayat committee are responsible for the execution of planning and development activities and District Parishad is responsible for supervision, coordination and control.
• The Chairman of the District Parishad will be the District Collector
• Powers and responsibilities should be transferred naturally to all these three democratic components
• Necessary resources must be transferred to carry out tasks and activities properly
• This system should be developed to enable further decentralization of power in the future.

● The Recommendations of Ashok Mehta Committee (1978)
• Two-tier panchayat system instead of three-tier panchayat.
• Zilla Parishad at district level and Mandal Panchayat are in charge of villages (group of villages with population of 15000 to 20000).
• District will be the first centre of decentralization below the state level under popular supervision
• Zilla Parishad will be responsible for implementation of planning at the district level 
• Officiality should be ensured for political parties in panchayat-level elections
• Mandatory powers to collect taxes should be given to panchayati raj institutions to find their own financial resources
• Social Auditing should be conducted under the supervision of District Level Agency and Assembly Legislature Committee to ensure that funds earmarked for socio-economically backward weaker sections are utilized for them.
• Panchayati Raj Institutions cannot be overruled by State Governments. If compulsory annulment is necessary, elections should be held in those places within six months of annulment
• Nyay Panchayats should be separate from Development Panchayats and should be entrusted to a competent authorized judge.
• Elections in Panchayat Raj Institutions should be conducted by the Chief Electoral Officer in consultation with the Chief Election Commissioner of the State.
• Development activities should be handed over to Zilla Parishads. There should be supervision and control of development committee members
• Voluntary organizations should play an effective role in mobilising public support for Panchayati Raj systems
• A Minister should be included in the State Cabinet to oversee Panchayati Raj Institutions
• Seats should be reserved for SC and ST in proportion to their population
• Panchayati Raj institutions should be given constitutional validity. This guarantees them the status and operational continuity they need.
♦ Where was the Panchayati Raj system implemented for the first time in India? 
In Rajasthan 

♦ What are the constitutional amendments that provide more powers to the local self-government bodies? 
73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992

♦ Which law came into force through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment?
Panchayati Raj Act 

♦ Which law came into force through the 74th constitutional amendment?
Nagarapalika Act

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♦ List the features of the Panchayati Raj Act and Nagarpalika Act enacted by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments of 1992?
73rd Constitutional Amendment Panchayati Raj System 74th Constitutional Amendment Nagarpalika System
• Formation of grama sabhas• Formation of ward sabhas
• Tenure of administration – five years • Tenure of administration – five years 
• Reservation for the Scheduled Caste and the Scheduled Tribe• Reservation for the Scheduled Caste and the Scheduled Tribe
• Reservation for Women• Reservation for Women
• The election charge was given to the State Election Commission• The election charge was given to the State Election Commission
• Finance Commission once in five years • Finance Commission once in five years
• Three-tier Panchayat system – Grama Panchayat, Block Panchayat, District Panchayat• Two types of Urban Local Self Government bodies Nagar Panchayat, Municipal Council (Municipality/Corporation in Kerala)
♦ Conduct a quiz in the class based on the 73rd and 74th amendments of the Constitution.
● In which name is the rural administrative decentralisation system known in India?
Panchayati Raj System

● What is the basic unit of the Panchayati Raj system?
Gram sabha

● What is the basic unit of the Nagarpalika System?
Ward sabha

● By what names were the city and local government bodies known?
Municipality, Corporation
♦ Find out and list the recommendations of the Balwantrai Mehta Committee and Ashok Mehta Committee that were included in the 73rd and 74th amendments of the Constitution. 
• The three-tier panchayat system
• Reservation for the Scheduled Caste and the Scheduled Tribe
• Election
• Constitutional validity

♦ The Local Self-Government Institutions in Kerala – Structure
♦ What are the responsibilities and services that can be availed from the local self-governments? 
• register births/deaths
• collect statistical data
• supervision and responsibility of primary schools
• Mother and child development
• sanction permission for building construction
• conservation of traditional water resources
• garbage treatment
• granting licence to domestic dogs
• Organize cultural events 
• Organize voluntary social service 
• Implement Vigilance Committee
• Protect the rights of children
• Ensure social security
• Prepare and submit Beneficiary Determination List 
• Protect roads and public lands
• Collect and dispose of waste 
• Take preventive measures
• Arrange the conduct of fairs and festivals

♦ Complete the list by identifying the different sources of revenue of local self-government bodies from the conversation given above (Textbook Page: 129). 
• Various types of taxes like building tax, employment tax, entertainment tax etc. 
• Various fees like permit, registration etc 
• Rent of buildings 
• Grant
• Penalty 
• Various types of loans 
• Beneficiary share 
• Contribution




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