Kerala Syllabus Class 5 Basic Science: Chapter 05 Sky Near at Hand - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual
Sky Near at Hand - Textual Questions and Answers & Model Questions
ഈ ബ്ലോഗ് അഡ്മിൻറെ രേഖാമൂലമുള്ള അനുമതിയില്ലാതെ ഈ ബ്ലോഗിൽ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങൾ, ഇതേരീതിയിലോ പി.ഡി.എഫ് രൂപത്തിലോ, മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ഡിജിറ്റലോ, പ്രിന്റഡ് ഉൾപ്പെടെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപങ്ങളിലേക്കോ മാറ്റി മറ്റൊരു വെബ്സൈറ്റിലോ, ബ്ലോഗിലോ, യുട്യൂബ്, സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയാ ഗ്രൂപ്പുകളിലോ ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഒരിടത്തും പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലാത്തതാകുന്നു.
♦ What is space?
The space is the hard vacuum without air, outside the Earth’s atmosphere.
♦ What are constellations?
Constellations are groups of stars, imagined into shapes by joining them together using lines.
♦ The Hunter (Orion)
• This is a constellation visible in the eastern horizon at dusk in December.
• When the stars are connected, we can imagine the shape of a hunter and hence given the name Hunter.
• The Greeks gave the name Orion to this constellation which is the name of a hunter in their mythology.
♦ Saptarshis
• This is a constellation in the northern horizon clearly visible during the month of April without the aid of a telescope.
• The name ‘Saptharshis’ was given by Indians because seven stars could be seen very clearly in this constellation.
• In European countries it is known as ‘the Big Dipper’ as it has the shape of a big spoon.
• It is a part of the constellation, Ursa Major.
♦ What preparations do we need for star watching?
• A place with a clear view of the sky should be chosen
• Do not choose a place that is too bright
• Choose a Clear Night
• A cloudy day should be avoided
• Use a Star Map or App
♦ Name the software that helps us in sky watching.
K-Star and Stellarium
♦ Space Station
A space station is a laboratory set up in the space.
♦ What problems can be faced by the people who reach the space station for experiments?
• No air
• No Water
• No gravity
• No sound
• No weight
♦ The Moon is the biggest and the brightest body in the sky at night. What could be the reason?
The Moon is the closest celestial body to Earth. That is why the moon is the brightest and largest in the night sky
♦ The Moon
• The Moon is the closest celestial body to the Earth.
• The Moon revolves around the Earth.
• The Moon is a satellite of the Earth.
• The light of the sun that falls on the Moon gets reflected.
• The reflected light makes the moon glow and we see it as the light of the Moon.
♦ What are some other features of the Moon?
• Spherical
• No Atmosphere
• Not self-luminous
• Natural satellite of the earth
• Rotates itself
• Revolves around the earth
♦ What are Satellites?
Satellites are the celestial bodies which revolve around the planets.
♦ ------------- is the closest star to Earth.
The Sun
♦ How to differentiate the stars and other celestial bodies?
• Stars are self-luminous celestial bodies. But planets and satellites
are not self-luminous.
• The light that falls on these bodies gets reflected and it makes them glow. We perceive them as luminous because of the reflection of light.
• While observing the sky, we see the stars twinkling whereas the planets shine without twinkling.
♦ List the similarities and differences between celestial bodies such as stars, planets, and satellites
| Star | Planet | Satellite |
|---|---|---|
| • It is natural | • It is natural | • Both natural and man-made. |
| • Self-luminous | • Not self-illuminating | • Not self-illuminating |
| • While observing the sky, we see the stars twinkling | • the planets shine without twinkling. | • the satellites shine without twinkling. |
♦ The Solar System
• The solar system consists of the Sun, the planets around the Sun, satellites and many other celestial bodies
• The Earth and the other planets of the solar system revolve around the Sun.
♦ What is Orbit?
The path of the celestial bodies is called the orbit.
♦ How many planets are there in the solar system?
Eight planets
♦ Write down the names of planets in the solar system.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
♦ Between the orbits of which planets does the Earth’s orbit lie?
Venus, Mars
♦ What are artificial satellites?
Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have been sent to the space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are called artificial satellites.
♦ GPS (Global Positioning System)
GPS enables us to view satellite images of our house, school and other places using mobile phones or computers.
♦ What are the services that artificial satellites provide.?
• Telecommunication.
• GPS
• Weather forecast.
• Navigation
• Remote sensing
• Scientific expeditions
• The discovery and mapping of resources
• Defence
♦ List out the artificial satellites launched by our country and their purposes.
| Artificial satellites | Primary purposes |
| • INSAT | • Satellite communication |
| • EDUSAT | • Education |
| • IRNSS | • Navigation |
| • CARTOSAT | • Geographical observation |
| • ASTROSAT | • Astronomy and astrophysics research |
| • G SAT-7, EMISAT | • Defence |
♦ What are Rockets?
Rockets are the vehicles used to launch satellites and spacecrafts into space.
♦ The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)
The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is the space agency responsible for planning and executing the space missions of our country.
♦ Collect the names of space research institutes of other countries.
• USA - NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
• Europe - ESA (European Space Agency)
• Japan - JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)
• Russia - ROSCOSMOS
• China - CNSA (China National Space Administration)
♦ Some information about Rocket Launching Stations in our country is given. Collect and add more.
● Rocket Launching Stations
• Thumba Rocket Launching Station
• Located in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.
• India’s first rocket launch station.
• Established on 21st November 1963.
• The location is near the Earth's magnetic equator
• Known as the Thumpa Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
• Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) was named in memory of Vikram Sarabhai in 1972
● Satish Dhawan Space Centre
• Located in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.
• Started operations in October 1971.
• There are two launch pads.
• Now India's satellite launches are taking place here.
• Being closer to the equator gives it extra centripetal force that helps launch satellites.
• The Satish Dhawan Space Center was named in 2002 in memory of Satish Dhawan.
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♦ Who is known as the father of the Indian space programme?
Vikram Sarabhai
♦ Who were the first astronauts to land on the moon?
Neil Armstrong and Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin
♦ In which vehicle man first landed on the Moon?
Apollo 11
♦ Who was the pilot of the spacecraft Apollo 11?
Michael Collins
♦ When did the first human landed on the moon?
July 21, 1969
♦ Which space agency brought the first human to the Moon?
NASA
♦ Name the first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union.
Sputnik 1
♦ When was Sputnik 1 launched?
October 4, 1957
♦ When is the International Space Week observed annually?
October 4 to 10.
♦ India’s Lunar Missions
Our nation conducts lunar exploration missions in the name ‘Chandrayaan’.
● Chandrayaan 1
• Chandrayaan 1 is the first lunar exploration mission of our nation.
• It was launched on October 22, 2008 from Sriharikota.
• It entered the moon’s orbit at an altitude of 100 kilometres and conducted studies of the lunar surface.
● Chandrayaan 2
• Chandrayaan 2 is India’s second lunar exploration mission launched on July 22, 2019.
• Its goal was to study the features of rocks and soil on the lunar surface.
● Chandrayaan 3
• Chandrayaan 3 is the first mission to land on the south pole of the Moon.
• It was launched on July 14, 2023.
• It landed on the lunar surface on August 23, 2023.
• The rover separated from it, roamed on the lunar surface and conducted
experiments.
♦ Gather information about India's future space projects.
● Mangalyaan
• The Mars Orbiter Mission was launched by India on November 5, 2013.
• It is also unofficially known as Mangalyan.
• It is India's first interplanetary mission
• Mangalyaan entered Mars orbit on 24 September 2014.
• With this, India became the fifth country to participate in the Mars mission.
● Gaganyaan
• Gaganyaan is India's mission to send humans to space.
• India postpones the Gaganyaan space mission to 2026.
● Aditya L1
• Aditya L1 is the first space-based Indian mission to study the Sun.
• Aditya-L1 is a coronagraphy spacecraft for studying the solar atmosphere.
• Aditya L1 was launched from the Sriharikota spaceport on 2024 September 2.
Let's assess
1. Here are some key milestones of India’s space exploration.
Rearrange them in the chronological order.
1. ISRO was established - 1969 August 15
2. Launch of Aryabhata - 1975 April 19
3. Launch of INSAT-1 - 1982 April 10
4. Launch of Chandrayaan-1 - 2008 October 22
5. Launch of Mangalyaan - 2013 November 5
6. Launch of Aditya-L1 - 2023 September 2
2. Match the following.
• Earth’s satellite - Moon
• Weather forecasting - Artificial satellite
• To launch artificial satellites - Rocket
• Celestial bodies that orbit planets - Satellite
• Self glowing - Sun
Extended activities
1. Complete this crossword puzzle. Construct new similar ones.
● To the right
1. NASA’s first mission to send women to the moon.
4 The only rocket launching station in Kerala.
● Downwards
1. India’s first space telescope.
2. The name of an Indian satellite.
3. Largest satellite of Saturn.
5. India’s telecommunication satellite.
6. The first artificial satellite.
● Upwards
7. The orange-red planet in the solar system.
| ¹A | ²R | ³T | E | M | ⁵I | ⁶S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | O | I | N | P | ||
| T | H | T | S | U | ||
| R | I | A | A | T | ||
| O | N | N | S | T | N | |
| S | I | R | I | |||
| A | A | K | ||||
| ⁴T | H | ⁷M | B | A |
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