Kerala Syllabus Class 5 Social Science: Chapter 09 Towards Equality - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual 


Questions and Answers for Class 5 Social Science (English Medium) തുല്യതയിലേക്ക്  | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 09 Towards Equality - Teaching Manual | Teachers Handbook
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ഈ ബ്ലോഗ് അഡ്‌മിൻറെ രേഖാമൂലമുള്ള അനുമതിയില്ലാതെ ഈ ബ്ലോഗിൽ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങൾ ഇതേരീതിയിലോ പി.ഡി.എഫ് രൂപത്തിലോ, മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ഡിജിറ്റലോ, പ്രിന്റഡ് ഉൾപ്പെടെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപങ്ങളിലേക്കോ മാറ്റി മറ്റൊരു വെബ്സൈറ്റിലോ, ബ്ലോഗിലോ, യുട്യൂബ്, സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയാ ഗ്രൂപ്പുകളിലോ ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഒരിടത്തും പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലാത്തതാകുന്നു.

Std 5: Social Science Chapter 09: Towards Equality - Questions and Answers
♦ Why are the colours of ration cards different?
♦ What could be the reasons for the difference in income between families?
• Different types of occupations earn different incomes.  
• Those with more agricultural land earn more income.
• Everyone's abilities are different. Income varies according to ability.
• Individuals enter different occupations and earn different incomes depending on their education and skills.

♦ Let’s listen to the thoughts of Neenu and Vicky after returning from Peeli’s village. Don’t they share about the sources of income of their families in their thoughts?
List the sources of income of both the families.
♦ The table shown below gives the approximate monthly income of various families in a panchayat. Observe the table and identify the family with the highest income and the one with the lowest income.
Income of various families (approx.)
• Family with the highest income  - A
• Family with the lowest income  - G

♦ Reasons for Difference in Family Income 
• difference in income from employment
• difference in the sources of income

♦ The pictures below, point out the different employments the people are engaged in.
• Teaching
• Construction work
• loading
• Trading

♦ May be why individuals engage in different occupations?
• Education
• Availability of resources 
• Training
• Physical efficiency

♦ Do you think that those who engaged in different employments get the same income?
No, Based on the nature of employment, the income from it varies.

♦ What are the family's sources of income?
• Agriculture 
• Government job 
• Business 
• Self Employment 
• Bank deposits 
• Stock investment
• Assets

♦ Do sources of income cause variation in family income?
Variation in the sources of income is a major cause of variation in the family income. Bank deposits, stock investments and assets are various sources of income. Income will vary based on the difference in the source of income. 

♦ How does family income influence the ability to meet the needs of your family?
Income will vary based on the difference in the source of income. Those who have a high income can meet more needs. However, people of the low-income group are often unable to meet even their basic needs.
♦ How can families generally be classified based on their income?
Generally, families can be classified into three groups based on their income.
• families with an amount of high income
• families with an amount of moderate-income
• families with an amount of low income

♦ What are the causes of inequality in society?
• The available resources in a society are not distributed equally.  
• Inequality in employment and income

♦ What kind of inequalities are mentioned here? (Textbook Page: 154)
• Economic Inequality
• The discrimination that existed in the consumption of food
• Inequality in wearing clothes
• Educational inequality
• Social Inequality
• Cast discrimination

♦ Apart from employment and income, in what other areas does inequality exist?
• Caste
• Religion
• Colour
• race
• Gender

♦ What is social inequality?
• Social inequality is a condition where all groups of people are not socially equal. • The unequal condition in status, rights and opportunities creates social inequality.

♦ Tabulate the causes of social inequality and the factors that influence them.    
♦ Read the situations of Shanti and Akash given in the textbook. (Textbook Page: 156). What are the problems they face?       
• Shanti's family lives in the coastal area
• When the sea gets rough, the biggest problem they face is the absence of a safe and secure home.
• Akash's family lives in a hilly area
• It is difficult to go to school due to inadequate transport facilities.         

♦ How is social progress possible?    
• Social progress is possible only when the basic needs of all the people are met. 
• To this end, the Government formulates and implements educational initiatives and projects for social justice and equal rights. 
   
♦ In what areas is the government intervening for the people who are facing inequality?     
The governments implement various schemes for the uplift of the people who face inequality. Central and State governments have been implementing various schemes to provide food, shelter, education, healthcare, and other basic facilities to all sections of people.       
♦ What are welfare pensions?  
• Welfare pensions are social security schemes aimed at providing financial assistance to people who are socially and economically backward as well as vulnerable groups. 
• The chief beneficiaries of welfare pensions are senior citizens, the differently abled, widows, unmarried women above 50 years of age, farmers, etc. 

♦ What are the various welfare pensions implemented by the governments?
• Agriculture Labour Pension
• Old Age Pension
• Disabled Pension Scheme 
• Widow Pension Scheme

♦ Find out and list the scholarships available for students.
• Pre-Matric Scholarship 
• Post Matric Scholarship
• Merit Scholarship
• National Means-Cum-Merit Scholarship Scheme
• C H Muhammedkoya Scholarship
• Single Girl Child Scholarship 
• Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Scholarships

♦ What are the systems that provide essential commodities at low prices?
• Public Distribution Centre 
• Maveli Store 
• Neethi Store

♦ What schemes and programmes are being implemented by the central and state governments for poverty alleviation and reducing social inequality?
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
• Life Mission
• Vidyavahini
• Theeramythri
• Kaivalya
• Janani Janmaraksha
• Prathibhatheeram
• Gothrabandhu

♦ Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
• The scheme ensures unskilled physical employment for not less than 100 days in a financial year to any family residing in rural areas. 
• Its beneficiaries are individuals above 18 years old. 
• It is a poverty alleviation scheme designed and implemented by the Central and State governments.

♦ Life Mission
• The objective of the complete housing scheme (LIFE) is to provide a safe and decent housing system in Kerala for all the landless, homeless, people with homes that have not been fully constructed and those whose existing house is not fit to live in. 
• This is a scheme designed and implemented by the Central and State governments.

♦ Theeramythri
• The Government of Kerala is implementing ‘Theera mythri,’  the small business enterprises development plan to bring women from the families of the fisher folk into the mainstream of society by making them entrepreneurs. 
• Through this project, implemented throughout Kerala, it is envisaged to ensure the socioeconomic empowerment of fisherwomen.

♦ Kaivalya
• This is a rehabilitation scheme implemented by the Government of Kerala for the differently abled job seekers. 
• The objectives of this project consist of equality of opportunity and social inclusion.

♦ Vidyavahini
• Vidyavahini is a project to provide transportation facilities for tribal students to go to school. 
• This scheme is implemented to ensure transportation facility for students who belong to the tribal communities and to prevent dropouts.
♦ The scheme implemented by the Government of Kerala to provide nutrition to pregnant women and mothers who belong to tribal groups.
Janani Janmaraksha

The scheme implemented by the Government of Kerala for the educational advancement of children hailing from the coastal region.
Prathibhatheeram

♦ The scheme by the Government of Kerala to appoint qualified persons from the tribal communities with ample knowledge of both tribal language and Malayalam as teachers in primary schools to achieve the objectives of solving the language issues of tribal students and to prevent dropouts.
Gothrabandhu

♦ Complete the table given below
 Projects Beneficiaries Features
 • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme • Those who have completed 18 years of age in the rural area. • Ensures employment for not less than 100 days in a financial year to any family residing in rural areas. 
 • Life Mission • Landless, homeless, people with homes that have not been fully constructed and those whose existing house is not fit to live in.  • Provide House
 • Vidyavahini • Tribal students • To provide transportation facilities for tribal students to go to school. 
 • Theeramythri • Fisherwomen • To ensure the socioeconomic empowerment of fisherwomen.
 • Kaivalya •  The differently abled job seekers.  • Equality of opportunity




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