Kerala Syllabus Class 6 Basic Science: Chapter 01 Food for Health - Questions and Answers | Teachers Manual


Study Notes for Class 6th Basic Science - ആഹാരത്തിലൂടെ ആരോഗ്യം | Text Books Solution Basic Science (English Medium) Chapter 01 Food for Health. ഈ യൂണിറ്റിന്റെ Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook എന്നിവയുടെ ലിങ്ക് ഈ പേജിന്റെ അവസാന ഭാഗത്തു നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. പഠന സഹായികൾ അയക്കാൻ താല്പര്യമുള്ളവർ ഈ നമ്പറിൽ വാട്സാപ്പ് ചെയ്യുക: 9497346250.

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Std 6: Basic Science Chapter 01: Food for Health - Questions and Answers
♦ Some food items we usually eat are given in the pictures. How can we classify them? 
A. Cereals 
B. Fruits
C. Vegetables
D. Pulses
E. Leafy Vegetables

♦ Why do we eat food? 
Food provides energy for our daily physiological activities. 

♦ What do we get from food? 
Nutrients are the components required for our growth, to maintain health and to prevent diseases. We obtain nutrients from food items. 

♦ Which are the major nutrients?
• Carbohydrates
• proteins
• fats 
• vitamins 
• minerals 

♦ What is the need for preparing food using different ingredients? 
All food items may not contain all essential nutrients in adequate quantity. Hence, we eat a variety of food items prepared using different ingredients. 

♦ Why do we eat nutrient-rich food? 
All food items may not contain all essential nutrients in adequate quantity. Hence, we eat a variety of food items prepared using different ingredients. The quantity of food we eat, its quality and time of consumption influence our health. So, everyone should eat nutritious food.

♦ What are the activities you usually engage in a day?  Where is the energy required for these activities obtained?
Energy required for the body is mainly obtained from carbohydrates.

♦ Carbohydrate 
• Energy required for the body is mainly obtained from carbohydrates. • Carbohydrate is found in food items in different forms like starch, sugar, glucose, cellulose and fibres.

♦ -------------- is present in abundance in cereals and tubers. 
Starch

♦ How do we find out if starch is present in the food we eat? 
• Iodine Test 
• Materials required: two test tubes, milk, diluted iodine solution, rice water. 
• Activity - Take two test tubes. Take milk in one test tube and rice water in the other one. Add two or three drops of iodine solution to each test tube. Observe the colour change in both test tubes when iodine solution is added. Repeat the same experiment with other food items. Record findings in the table. 
Food Items Change in colour when iodine solution is added
• Potato • Dark blue colour
• Cucumber• No colour change
• Maida• Dark blue colour
• Eggwhite• No colour change
• Onion• No colour change
• Milk• No colour change
• Rice water• Dark blue colour
• When iodine combines with starch, a dark blue colour is formed. Depending on the quantity of starch, the intensity of blue colour varies.
♦ What are the functions of protein? 
Protein is a nutrient essential for growth and body building. Protein is required for the health of muscles, hair and skin. Moreover, proteins provide energy.

♦ What are the diseases caused by the deficiency of protein? 
Deficiency of protein causes diseases like Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.

♦ Pictures of food items which contain protein are given below. Identify them and write. 
♦ There may be vegetarians among you. What food items are to be included in their diet to compensate for the deficiency of protein? 
• Green Peas
• Paneer
• Beens
• Soybean
• Oats
• Cashew nuts
• Ground nuts

♦ How can we find out whether the food we eat contains fat? 
Rub any food item on a paper. If the paper is oily even after it is dried, we may conclude that the food contains fat.

♦ Rub the food items given below on a paper and list your findings.
Food Items Observations
• Chips• The paper is oily
• Raw banana• Not oily
• Crushed sesame• The paper is oily
• Dried coconut• The paper is oily
• Crushed ground nuts• The paper is oily
♦ Write down the other food items you are familiar with that contain fat. 
Oil, Ghee, meat, egg, coconut, sesame, mustard, groundnut, milk, milk products, butter 

♦ Observe the pictures given below and write their names.
♦ Classify the given pictures as 'fat obtained from plants' and 'fat obtained from animals'. 
Fat obtained from plants Fat obtained from animals
• Coconut oil
• Sunflower oil		• Fish oil
• Ghee
• Butter
♦ Have you heard doctors advise not to eat too much fatty foods? What could be the reason? 
Cholesterol is a form of fat. A moderate amount of cholesterol is required for the body. If there is excess cholesterol in the blood, it gets deposited in the inner wall of blood vessels and prevents blood flow. This may cause fatal diseases like stroke and heart failures.

♦ What is vitamins?
Vitamins are essential nutrients required in small quantities for the growth and health of our body. 
♦ Tabulate the different types of vitamins and their importance.
Vitamins Importance
• Vitamin A • maintains the health of eyes, skin and hair
• Vitamin B• maintains the health of brain, nerves, heart and skin
• Vitamin C• for the health of teeth, gum, blood vessels and for immunity
• Vitamin D• for the health of bones and teeth and for immunity
• Vitamin E• for proper functioning of nerves
• Vitamin K• for blood clotting when wounds occur
♦ Which vitamins are essential for the health of the skin?
• Vitamin A 
• Vitamin B

♦ What health issues will occur if you don't get an adequate quantity of vitamin D?
For the health of bones and teeth and for immunity. Rickets is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin D.

♦ What food items should be included in the diet to prevent the physical issues caused by vitamin deficiency? Expand the table to include more food items.
Vitamins   Food Items
• Vitamin A • Fish, Carrot, Amaranthus, milk products, Liver, Pea leaves, Taro leaves, Moringa leaves
• Vitamin B• Matta rice, Spinach, Bran of cereals, Egg, Milk, Taro leaves
• Vitamin C• Gooseberry, Lemon, Fruits, Moringa leaves, Papaya
• Vitamin D• Fish, Egg, Mushroom, Liver, Milk products
• Vitamin E• Peanut, Almond, Vegetable oils, Broccoli, Avocados
• Vitamin K• Cabbage, Cauliflower, Amaranthus, Kiwifruit, Blueberries
♦ What is the importance of including fat in the diet?
Vitamins B and C are water soluble where as vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluble. In the absence of fat, these vitamins will not be absorbed by the body. Therefore, it is important to include fat in the diet.

♦ Didn't you notice the announcement? Why are iron tablets given to children? 
Iron is a mineral. Iron is essential for the proper growth and the health of the body. so, iron tablets are given to children. 

♦ Tabulate the major minerals and their significance.
Important minerals Food itemsSignificance
IronLeafy vegetables, jaggery, fish, liverPlays a significant role in the formation of haemoglobin in blood.
CalciumEgg, milk, leafy vegetables, fishHelps in the formation of bones, teeth, etc. and also helps in the clotting of blood.
IodineSea foodsHelps in the functioning of the thyroid gland.
♦ Which mineral helps in the formation of haemoglobin in the blood?
Iron

♦ What food items should be included in the diet to get haemoglobin?
Leafy vegetables, jaggery, fish, liver

♦ Why should we eat seafood? 
Seafood contains iodine, which helps in the functioning of the thyroid gland.

♦ What health issues will occur if we avoid eggs, milk and leafy vegetables?
Calcium helps in the formation of bones and teeth, and also helps in the clotting of blood. So, eggs, milk, and leafy greens, which are rich in calcium, should be included in the diet.

Tabulate vitamin deficiency disease
Vitamin Deficiency disease
• Vitamin A• Night blindness
• Vitamin B• Glossitis (Swollen tongue and tingling of skin on tongue), Mouth Ulcer
• Vitamin C• Bleeding gum (scurvy)
• Vitamin D• Rickets
♦ Deficiency of which vitamin causes scurvy?.
Vitamin C

♦ What food items will you suggest to include in the diet, if someone in your home suffers from mouth ulcer? 
Matta rice, Spinach, Bran of cereals, Egg, Milk, Taro leaves

♦ Deficiency of which vitamin causes night blindness? 
Vitamin A

♦ Deficiency of which vitamin causes rickets? 
Vitamin D
♦ What is Night blindness?
Night blindness is the poor vision experienced in dim light and night. Persons with night blindness have no issues in vision during day time and in bright light at night.

♦ Tabulate Minerals and Deficiency diseases.
Minerals  Deficiency disease
• Iron• Anaemia
• Iodine• Goitre
• Calcium• Osteoporosis
♦ Which disease is caused by the deficiency of iron?
Anaemia

♦ What food items should be included in our diet to prevent goitre? Why? 
• Seafood
• Goitre is caused by the deficiency of iodine. Iodine is obtained from seafood

♦ What food items are to be included in our diet to prevent osteoporosis?
• Dairy Products
• Leafy vegetables
• Fish
• Egg

♦ Why are iron tablets supplied in schools? Explain.
Iron tablets are supplied in schools to prevent the deficiency of iron, which causes anaemia.

♦ Why is it essential to include fibres in the diet? 
• Fibres are the cellulose obtained from plant-based food which can't be digested by our body. 
• Fibres are not nutrient components. However, fibres facilitate digestion and egestion of faeces through the large intestine. 
• Cereals with bran, leafy vegetables, vegetables, banana stem, banana flower etc contain fibres in abundance. 

♦ Did you see the mango slices and the strained mango juice? Which has more fibre? Why? 
Mango slices contain more fibre than strained mango juice. Fibre is found in the pulp and skin of fruits. When we strain mango juice, the solid parts, including the fibre, is removed. 

♦ We must drink plenty of pure water. Why?
About 70% of our body is comprised of water. Water is essential for physiological activities like digestion, circulation and excretion. Water is lost from the body through urine and sweat. So, we must drink plenty of pure water. 

♦ What is a Balanced Diet?
In order to maintain health, we should follow a diet which includes protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins and minerals in appropriate quantities. Such a diet is called a Balanced Diet.

♦ Prepare a food chart for a day, including all the nutrients as per your food habit.
• Carbohydrate: Rice, Tapioca, Potato
• Fat: Fish, Ghee, Coconut oil
• Vitamin: Gooseberry, Papaya, Vegetables, Nuts
• Minerals: Leafy vegetables, Seafood, Meat
• Protein: Green gram, Egg, Meat 
♦ What are the possibilities for the loss of nutrients while cooking? 
• Washing vegetables after cutting them
• Cooking vegetables uncovered causes loss of vitamins such as Vitamin B and C.
• When the water from cooked food is drained off causes loss of nutrients.
• Overcooking of vegetables can lead to a loss of vitamin C and other antioxidants

Let's Asses

1. Nutrients and food items which contain them in plenty are given below. Match them drawing lines.
• Carbohydrate - Leafy vegetables
• Minerals - Pulses, Egg
• Fat - Cereals
• Protein - Oils
Answer:
• Carbohydrate - Cereals
• Minerals -  Leafy vegetables 
• Fat - Oils
• Protein - Pulses, Egg

2. Which is the health issue faced by a person who doesn't eat food containing
iodine?
A. Night blindness.
C. Anaemia.
b. Rickets
D. Goitre
Answer: D. Goitre

3. Our body can't digest fibre. If so, why is it said that we should eat food items which contain fibre?
Fibres facilitate digestion and egestion of faeces through the large intestine. 

4. Which nutrient is required for the health of teeth? From which food items do we get this nutrient?
• Vitamin C
• Gooseberry, Lemon, Fruits, Moringa leaves, Papaya

5. "The teacher gave me an iron tablet today, but I didn't eat it." Do you agree with Aruna? Why?
No, Iron is necessary for the production of haemoglobin in blood. Iron tablets are supplied in schools to prevent the deficiency of iron, which causes anaemia. 

6. Vitamins and minerals are required by our body in lesser quantities. Hence, it is enough to include small quantities of food items which contain them in our diet. This is a child's opinion. Do you agree with this? Why?
Not agree
Vitamins and minerals are required by the body in small quantities only. However, if they are not available to the body in the required quantity, deficiency diseases are bound to manifest. 



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