Kerala Syllabus STD 6 Social Science: Chapter 03 State and Government - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual

Study Notes for Class 6 Social Science - State and Government | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 3 രാഷ്ട്രവും ഗവൺമെന്റും | Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook | പഠന സഹായികൾ അയക്കാൻ താല്പര്യമുള്ളവർ ഈ നമ്പറിൽ വാട്സാപ്പ് ചെയ്യുക: 9497346250. 
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Chapter 03: State and Government - Questions and Answers & Model Question
♦  
We have discussed what each person would do first if they get a chance to go out. Dad wants to go out and see Mr. Vossen, Peter wants to go to town and see a movie, and I find freedom itself a great joy. So I can't think of what to do. But I know one thing, that what I like above everything is a house of our own, and freedom of movement. Then, my school and my studies. I love my country. I love this language... I wish to live and work here.
Source -' The Diary of a Young Girl - Anne Frank'
(Independent Translation)
The above lines were written by Anne Frank in her beloved diary named 'Kitty'. She had to lead a life hiding in a small, confined room in her own country, because of Hitler's military attack. Here, what all does Anne Frank wish for?  
• To lead a life of freedom
• Own house 
• Freedom of movement
• Wish to go to school and study
• Wish to live and work

♦ Look at the collage given above. Here, who fulfills the demands of the people and ensures their security?
Government

♦ What are the services provided by the state to the people?
• Protection to life and property of the people
• Ensuring health security of the people 
• Taking steps to increase food production and to control food prices.
• Finding solutions to the energy crisis by increasing energy production 
• Ensuring the security of the country by strengthening security at the border.

♦ What is State?
• State is the highest socio-political institution formed by the people. 
• A group of people living permanently within a definite territory with a sovereign government is a State. 

♦ Explain the importance of the state.
• A group of people living permanently within a definite territory with a
sovereign government is a State. 
• Population, territory, government and sovereignty are the factors that form a state. 
• It is the responsibility of the state to make laws and to ensure the welfare
of its people. 
• The state protects the rights of the people. Moreover, it defines the responsibilities of the people towards the state. 

♦ What are the main components of the state?
• Population 
• Territory 
• Government 
• Sovereignty

♦ Who is the Father of Political Science?
Aristotle

♦ Who used the term ‘politics’ for the first time?
Aristotle

♦ A well-known work authored by Aristotle.
Politics

♦ The Italian philosopher who used the term ‘state’  in its modern sense for the first time.
Niccolo Machiavelli

♦ The country with the highest population
India

♦ The country with the lowest population
 Vatican City
♦ Look at the pictures given below.
♦ Which one of these can be considered a ‘school’ in the complete sense of the term?
Picture: A

♦ What is the importance of population to form a state?
• Without people, a state cannot exist. 
• But, the number of people required to form a state, has not been fixed. • The population of a state can include people belonging to different religions,  class and colour. 
• People become a part of a state when they stay together with mutual dependence, common interests and collective consciousness.

♦ Complete the worksheet.
♦ The map of South Sudan that was formed in 2011 is given below.
♦ In which continent is South Sudan situated?
Africa 

♦ Which river enriches this country with water?
Nile River

♦ Identify and note down the countries that borders South Sudan.
• North - Sudan
• South - Uganda, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo
• East - Ethiopia
• West - Central African Republic

♦ Prepare a note on the role played by the territory in the formation of a state.
• For the existence of a state, a permanent and well-defined territory is essential. 
• But, the area of territory for the formation of a state has not been specified. 
• The land area, the water bodies, the air space and the coastal areas of a country come under the jurisdiction of that territory.

♦ Examine the map in your Social Science Lab, identify the biggest country and the smallest country in the world.
• Biggest country - Russia 
• Smallest country - Vatican City

♦ What are the major responsibilities of the government?
• Ensuring the welfare of the people
• Helps to keep the relationship between the state and the people active. 
• Helps to coordinate the resources and the people
• to form the policies of the state and execute them.
• It handles law and order, rule of law, defence, foreign relations, roads, bridges, drinking water, electricity, education, etc.
• Protects the sovereignty and unity of the state.

♦ What is the difference between the state and government?
The state is a permanent institution, whereas the government keeps changing. 

♦ What is sovereignty?
• The supreme power of the state to take decisions without being subjected to external interventions or pressure in any form is termed sovereignty.
♦ Prepare a note on the sovereignty of the state.
• The supreme power of the state to take decisions without being subjected to external interventions or pressure in any form is termed sovereignty.
• The state makes laws and takes political decisions as part of its sovereign 
power. 
• The state executes and protects its sovereign power through the government. 
• A state cannot exist without sovereignty. 

♦ Which of these given news the sovereignty of the state is maintained? Explain why. Prepare a note.
• The news that India's nuclear policy is an internal matter is a good example of sovereignty protection.
• It affirms the country's right to make decisions without being subject to external interference or pressure.
• Foreign interference in the political affairs of another country challenges or weakens the sovereignty of that country.   
         
♦ What are the various theories of State formation?
• Force theory 
• Theory of Social Contract
• Theory of Social Evolution

♦ Complete the concept map given below.
• Force theory 
The strong conquered the weak by force and established the state.

• Theory of Social Contract
Agreements/contracts made by people led to the formation of the state

• Theory of Social Evolution
The state was formed as a result of long-term evolution.

♦ How were tribal states formed?
The formation of tribal state was due to the influence of being born into the same clan, having same interests and same economic activities.

♦ The administrative systems that exhibited some of the characteristics of modern states.
Oriental administrative systems. 

♦ Write examples of oriental administrative systems?
Mesopotamia, Egypt and China

♦ Which city-states exhibit the most similarity with modern states? 
Greek city-states Athens and Sparta

♦ Where did an administrative system exist that was most similar to modern nations in terms of law and infrastructure?
Roman Empire

♦ Which system of government was formed after the decline of the Roman Empire?
Feudal states

♦ What are the characteristics of Feudal states?
• The major characteristic of these states was feudalism
• In these states, the power hierarchy was divided into the King, the Lords and the Farmers. 
• The power of the king was limited. Administrative powers were vested with the Lords.

♦ Where did Modern nation-states originate? 
Europe. 

♦ What are the factors that led to the growth of modern nation-states?
• Logical thinking 
• scientific temper
• Industrial Revolution
• colonisation  
• national consciousness
♦ Prepare a note on the formation of modern nation-states.
• Logical thinking, scientific temper and so on brought about changes in the social structure during the Renaissance period. 
• Industrial revolution, colonisation and national consciousness also contributed to the growth of nation states. 
• Gradually, nation states came into existence based on factors like population, territory, government and sovereignty.

♦ Complete the worksheet about the origin and development of states.
♦ Given below are the data collected by Kiran for comparing state and government. Arrange them suitably in the table given below.
• It has sovereignty.
• It keeps changing.
• It is a broad concept.
• It is a permanent institution.
• It is a component of the state.
• All people are included in this.
• Administrators and officials are included in this.
• Sovereignty is executed through this agency.
State Government
• It has sovereignty.• It keeps changing
• It is a broad concept• It is a component of the state
• It is a permanent institution• Administrators and officials are included in this
• All people are included in this• Sovereignty is executed through this agency
♦ The ---- ---- helps to keep the relationship dynamic between the people and the state.
Government 

♦ Which are the organs of government?
• Legislature
• Executive
• Judiciary

♦ Explain the responsibilities of the Legislature.
• The major responsibilities of the legislature include making laws and bringing about changes in existing laws that are required by the state.
• The legislature has a great role in controlling the administration of the state. 

♦ Explain the responsibilities of the Executive.
• The laws made by the legislature are implemented and the administration is carried out by the executive.
• The day-to-day activities of the government are executed by this organ.

♦ Prepare a note on the responsibilities of the Judiciary.
• The judiciary interprets laws, resolves disputes and punishes the offenders. 
• When the Legislature makes laws, the Executive executes it. 
• The disputes that arise during these processes are solved by the Judiciary.
♦ Examine the following news headlines given below. Identify, under the scope of which government organs these headlines can be categorized into.
• Court Procedures to be Telecast Live, says the Supreme Court
• The Government Prepares for Strict Implementation of the Right to Education Act
• Environmental Protection: Amendment of Law soon
• Green Protocol to be Followed Strictly in Schools: Department of Education
• Revision of Traffic Rules: Court to be Informed of the Progress
• Parliament Approves  Revision of Transport Rules
Answer:
i. Legislature
• Environmental Protection: Amendment of Law soon
• Parliament Approves  Revision of Transport Rules

ii. Executive
• The Government Prepares for Strict Implementation of the Right to Education Act
• Green Protocol to be Followed Strictly in Schools: Department of Education

iii. Judiciary
• Court Procedures to be Telecast Live, says the Supreme Court
• Revision of Traffic Rules: Court to be Informed of the Progress



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