Kerala Syllabus STD 6 Social Science: Chapter 05 Culture and Cultural Diversities - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual

Study Notes for Class 6 Social Science - Culture and Cultural Diversities | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 5 സംസ്കാരവും സാംസ്കാരിക വൈവിധ്യങ്ങളും | Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook | പഠന സഹായികൾ അയക്കാൻ താല്പര്യമുള്ളവർ ഈ നമ്പറിൽ വാട്സാപ്പ് ചെയ്യുക: 9497346250. 
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Chapter 05: Culture and Cultural Diversities - Questions and Answers & Model Question
♦ Who is the author of the book "The Discovery of India''?
Jawaharlal Nehru

♦ Who was the first Prime Minister of India?
Jawaharlal Nehru 

♦ What are the diversities mentioned by Jawaharlal Nehru in his book ''The Discovery of India''?
• Language
• Geographical features
• Festivals
• Music
• Costume
• Traditions
• Various colours
• Dance forms
• Inspiring stories

♦ What is the concept of the song Mile Sur Mera Tumhara?
Just as different rivers merge into a single ocean when diverse people, cultures and ideas come together, they create a beautiful unity which reflects the concept of this song.

♦ What is special about this song?
This song features lyrics in multiple languages. The idea behind all the lyrics is the same.

♦ What is the significance of the song Mile Sur Mera Tumhara?
• The song 'Mile Sur Mera' was composed in 1988 to strengthen the national unity of India. 
• The song is composed of lyrics in different languages, emphasising the concept of 'unity in diversity'. 

♦ What is the message of the song Mile Sur Mera?
unity in diversity

♦ What is the purpose of the song Mile Sur Mera?
strengthen the national unity of India

♦ What all similar features are there between the Onam festival in Kerala and the Teej festival in Rajasthan?
• Onam is celebrated in the Malayalam month of Chingam, while Teej falls in the month of Shravana, which is equivalent to Chingam. 
• Like Onam, swinging, wearing new clothes and making sweets, feasting at relatives' houses can also be seen here.

♦ What are the features found in Rajasthan that are different from Kerala?
• Rajasthan’s festivals are full of colour, music, and desert traditions. 
• They celebrate Pushkar Mela and Gaja Mela.
• On such occasions, men wear turbans and coats. Women wear skirts, cholis (blouses), and sarees. 

♦ What is culture? How is culture formed?
Our culture is formed by factors such as our food, clothing and language. The way we think and act is also a part of culture. Culture is something we inherit traditionally as members of society. All the achievements of humanity can be termed as culture.

♦ How does each individual acquire culture?
It is through the process of socialisation, each individual acquires their own culture.

♦ What are the different components of culture?
Art, music, literature, philosophy, religion, science
♦ Why is culture considered to be human-made?
Art, music, literature, philosophy, religion, science and so on are all different components of culture. All these are human-made. That is why culture is considered to be human-made.

♦ What are the elements of material culture?
Food, clothing, household items and so on, which can be seen on the surface and are tangible, are the components of material culture. 

♦ What are the elements of non-material culture?
Beliefs, thoughts, ideas and so on, which are invisible and intangible, are components of non-material culture.

♦ Classify and list the following as material culture and non-material culture. You will add more examples.
Material culture Non-material culture
Shirt, Book, Utensils, House, Bag, Watch, Phone, Spade, Computer, Umbrella, Car, FootwearMalayalam, Religious beliefs, Love, Respect, Knowledge, Prayer, Patriotism, Traditions, Justice, Devotion to guru, Reverence, Ethics
♦ Observe the concept map and make notes explaining culture and components of culture.
• Culture is made up of many components that show how people live and express themselves. 
• Beliefs show how communities think, while art and festivals bring joy and togetherness. 
• People share their language, follow traditions, perform rituals, and show kindness through their behaviour. 
• Symbols, food, art, and dress all help tell the story of who they are and what they value.

♦ Find out how many languages are printed on our currency notes. 
There are 17 languages written on the Currency Notes.
(Indian currency notes feature 15 languages in the language panel on the reverse side, in addition to Hindi and English on the front. Here are the 15 languages printed in the panel:
1. Assamese
2. Bengali
3. Gujarati
4. Kannada
5. Kashmiri
6. Konkani
7. Malayalam
8. Marathi
9. Nepali
10. Oriya
11. Punjabi
12. Sanskrit
13. Tamil
14. Telugu
15. Urdu

♦ Enquire about which languages are included in the Constitution of India.
There are 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
1. Assamese
2. Bengali
3. Gujarati
4. Hindi
5. Kannada
6. Kashmiri
7. Konkani
8. Malayalam
9. Manipuri
10. Marathi
11. Nepali
12. Odia
13. Punjabi
14. Sanskrit
15. Sindhi
16. Tamil
17. Telugu
18. Urdu
19. Bodo
20. Santhali
21. Maithili
22. Dogri

♦ What are the features of the Culture?
• Culture is Learnt
• Culture is Shared
• Culture is Symbolic 
• Culture is Dynamic
• Culture is Customary

♦ What are the preparations made for Onam celebration?
• Cleaning the Home
• Making Pookalam
• Buying New Clothes (Onakkodi)
• Swing will be set up
• Cooking the Sadya
♦ From where did you learn all these things?
We learned this from our family and society

♦ What are some of the cultural practices you’ve learnt?
• Standing up during the National Anthem.  
• Following queues in crowded places
• Respecting Elders
• Giving seats to elders on the bus
• Helping others
• Eating Habits

♦ Culture is learned. Evaluate?
• Culture is not something that is innate; we acquire culture through the process of socialisation that happens through interactions with family, school, peers, and society.
• We learn how to respect elders usually from our family. 
• How to behave in society is learnt from family, school, peers, and society. 
• Culture plays an important role in shaping society and individuals.

♦ What is Enculturation?
Enculturation is an individual's learning and habitualising their own culture.

♦ What are the specialities of  ''Onam Feast''?
• People from all sections of society sit together and have food.
• The same dishes and the same tastes are shared
• The shared food culture and tradition
• It fosters a sense of unity and social participation.
• People come together and celebrate with love and friendship.

♦ Culture is Shared. Evaluate?
Culture is collectively received and transmitted through food and celebrations. In this manner, culture is shared among members of society.

♦ What all symbols do you know, that represent our nationalism?
• National Anthem  
• National Emblem
• National Flag
• National Bird
• National Animal

♦ Culture is Symbolic. Evaluate?
• The national anthem, the national flag, and the patriotic song are symbols of Indian nationalism and culture. They evoke a feeling of nationalism in us. 
• Nationalism represents patriotism and national unity. 
• Symbols such as language, gestures (like folding hands when meeting adults or guests), and objects (such as monuments and religious symbols) help in nurturing culture and values.

♦ What are the changes in marriage ceremonies? 
• Event management
• Wedding Invitation
• Marriage Reception 
• Wedding Feast
• Save the date
• Haldhi
• Mehandhi
• Videography
• Ceremonies
• Wedding Venue

♦ Culture is Dynamic. Evaluate?
Culture undergoes changes, incorporating both tradition and modernity simultaneously. For example, Marriages have changed from simple customs to complex and expensive celebrations. However, many traditional marriage customs are still followed with changes.

♦ Does the development of new media influence the food and clothing that are part of our culture? make notes.
Yes, the rise of new media has greatly influenced our food and clothing culture. Social media platforms popularise trendy dishes and fusion recipes, making certain foods go viral in a matter of hours. Fashion influencers and online stores shape what people wear by showcasing styles from around the world. This digital exposure blends traditional and modern choices, creating a more global and dynamic cultural identity.

♦ You have read about the customs related to the performance of Theyyam. What are they?
• scheduling the date
• Kolakkaran
• Adayalam Kodukkal
• vrutham 
♦ Culture is Customary. Evaluate?
Several ritualistic arts like Theyyam, showcase the rich cultural tradition of Kerala. Similarly, there are many traditional customs in our society. They are transmitted from ancestors to new generations.

♦ Complete the concept map by identifying, to which cultural feature given
indicators are related to.
Indicators
• Customs of Padayani  
• Event Management 
• Athappookkalam  
• White signifying peace 
• All sections of people having Onam feast together.
Answers:
• Customs of Padayani - Customary
• Event Management - Dynamic
• Athappookkalam - learned
• White signifying peace - Symbolic
• All sections of people having Onam feast together - Shared

♦ What is meant by cultural change?
Cultural changes means the transformation that happens in both material and non-material elements of culture across time.

♦ Cultural changes happen mainly in three ways. Which are they?
1. Cultural Diffusion
2. Acculturation
3. Cultural Assimilation

♦ What is cultural diffusion?
• Cultural diffusion refers to the spread of unique aspects of one culture into another. 
• This happens when different cultures interact with each other. 
• This diffusion can happen from one culture to another and vice versa. 

♦ What is Acculturation?
• Learning another culture is acculturation. 
• Partial changes to one’s own culture happen due to the influence of another culture. 
• At the same time many of its original elements are sustained.

♦ What is Cultural Assimilation?
• One way of living and culture are assimilated into a dominant culture and way of living. 
• Cultural Assimilation happens when one culture subordinates another culture in this way. 
• Through this, the unique features of one culture are gradually lost and the ways of another culture replace it.

♦ What are the cultural changes that occur when different cultures come into contact?
Acculturation and cultural assimilation

♦ What are the cultural changes that occur due to the influence of internal factors in society?
Acculturation, cultural assimilation, and cultural diffusion happen due to the influence of internal factors within a society. 
♦ What are the external factors that cause cultural changes?
Cultural Innovations and Environmental Changes are external factors that cause cultural changes. 

♦ Environmental changes lead to cultural changes. Evaluate the statement. 
• Environmental changes are a major factor contributing to cutural change.
• Landslides, droughts, floods, and rising sea levels often create situations that force people to leave their native place and move elsewhere. This changes their daily lives. 
• Thus, environmental factors like natural disasters and climate change can bring about significant cultural changes.

♦ Arrange the given news headlines related to cultural changes in the table. (Enter the number) 
1. Government to build townships for those who lost their homes in natural calamities. 
2. Government scheme for kitchen renovation for all BPL families.
3. Malayalis also celebrate Holi by splashing colours
4. Increase in number of Malayalis acquiring foreign citizenship.
5. Guest workers celebrating both Holi and Onam. 



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