Kerala Syllabus STD 6 Social Science: Chapter 09 An Introduction to Constitution - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual

Study Notes for Class 6 Social Science - Towards South Indian History | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 9 ഭരണഘടനയ്‌ക്കൊരു മുഖവുര | Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook | പഠന സഹായികൾ അയക്കാൻ താല്പര്യമുള്ളവർ ഈ നമ്പറിൽ വാട്സാപ്പ് ചെയ്യുക: 9497346250. 
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Chapter 09: An Introduction to Constitution - Questions and Answers & Model Question
♦ Observe the pictures given above.
Draw an emoji on the pictures that show desired behaviour in the society. 
In which pictures did you draw the emoji? Why?
• Emojis have been drawn for the second and third pictures.
• Wearing a helmet keeps us safe while bike riding. It protects our heads in case of accidents.
• Standing in a queue shows respect and patience. It helps everyone get their turn fairly.
• To enable people to live freely, peacefully and progressively in a society, it is essential to follow laws and rules.

♦ What is the Constitution?
A Constitution is an authentic document that contains fundamental laws, principles and rules needed for the organisation and functioning of government in a country.

♦ Why is the Constitution needed?
• Ours is a country with a vast geographical area, large population, where people from different sections live together. 
• The advancement of such a diverse country is made possible by following certain laws, rules, and systems. 
• Similarly, most of the countries also have a unified document based on fundamental principles that support their existence and governance. This is called the Constitution.

♦ Look at the interview conducted by the children of Palavila UP School with a senior lawyer about the constitution under the auspices of the Social Science Club.  
♦ What ideas related to the Constitution are included in the interview?
• The system of governance of the state 
• Duties of citizens
• Rights of the people
• Exercise of power

♦ Prepare a short note on the Code of Hammurabi.
• The Code of Hammurabi is one of the oldest legal codes in the world.
• Hammurabi was the ruler of ancient Babylon (1792–1750 BCE).
• This legal code dictates that no one has the authority to violate the
fundamental laws of a kingdom.

♦ Why is the Code of Hammurabi important?
It is one of the oldest legal codes in the world

♦ What was the Magna Carta and its importance?
• The people of England were fed up with the autocracy of the monarchs. In 1215 CE, King John was seized and forced to sign the Magna Carta, a Charter against this autocracy. 
• The Charter made it clear that the king and the government were not above the law. 
• The Magna Carta is considered a milestone in the history of human rights.

♦ Which king was forced to sign the Magna Carta?
King John

♦ What did the Magna Carta declare about the king and government?
The King and the government were not above the law. 

♦ What is considered a milestone in the history of human rights?
Magna Carta

♦ What was the Glorious Revolution of England, and why was it important?
• In the 17th century, several conflicts occurred in England between the Parliament and the monarchs, who acted against the interests of the Parliament. Among these, the most important one was the Glorious Revolution of 1688 CE.  
• The autocracy of the king ended, and the authority of Parliament increased through this revolution. 
• The power of monarchs came under the control of the Parliament. 
• This led to the formation of the Constitution that grants power to the Parliament in England.

♦ In which year did the Glorious Revolution of England take place?
1688

♦ Who came to power after the Glorious Revolution in England?
Parliament

♦ Prepare a note on the American Declaration of Independence.
• Thirteen North American colonies under British rule fought against the wrong policies of Britain.
• Following this, a declaration was made by the colonies in 1776 CE. 
• It is known as the American  Declaration of Independence. 
• This declaration was able to make the people aware of their power to
remove the government. 
• It also led to the framing of the American Constitution, the world's first written constitution.
♦ In which year was the American Declaration of Independence made?
1776 

♦ What did the Declaration of Independence make the people aware of?
Their power to remove the government

♦ What was the world's first written constitution?
The American Constitution

♦ Prepare a note on the French Revolution.
• It was in 1789 that the people of France revolted, raising the slogan 'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity'.
• This revolution gave acceptance to the principle that supreme power rests with the people, not with the king. 
• With this, a constitution was formed in France, making the powers of the king subordinate to the constitution.

♦ Which slogan is associated with the French Revolution?
'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity'.

♦ Complete the worksheet
The powers of the King were subjected to the constitutionFrench Revolution
The world’s first written constitutionAmerican Declaration of Independence
One of the oldest legal codes in history Code of Hammurabi
The king’s autocracy ended, and the power of the parliament increasedThe Glorious Revolution of 1688
Milestone in the history of human rightsMagna Carta
♦ Write the events listed below in chronological order. 
(Magna Carta, French Revolution, Code of Hammurabi, The Glorious Revolution, American Declaration of Independence).
• Code of Hammurabi (BCE -1792–1750)
• Magna Carta (CE -1215) 
• The Glorious Revolution (CE -1688)
• American Declaration of Independence (CE- 1776) 
• French Revolution (CE- 1789) 

♦ Constitutions are classified into various types based on their nature, the process of amendment, and the method of formation. Prepare a flow chart?
♦ Constitutions are classified into various types. Which are they?
Constitutions are classified into various types based on their nature, the process of amendment, and the method of formation.
• Written: A written constitution is one in which the fundamental principles and laws of a country are written, codified and systematically organised in the form of a book. 
E.g.. India, United States of America (USA) 

• Unwritten: An unwritten constitution is one in which the fundamental principles and laws of a country are not written, codified or systematically organised in the form of a book. 
E.g.. United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand

• Rigid
A rigid constitution is one in which making changes (amendments) requires strict procedures.
E.g.. United States of America, Australia

• Flexible
A flexible constitution is one in which changes (amendments) can be made easily.
E.g..United Kingdom, New Zealand

• Enacted
An enacted constitution is one that is drafted and implemented after the formation of the Constituent Assembly or Council, and is formally brought into effect.
E.g.. United States of America, India 

• Evolved
An evolved constitution is one that has developed over time. It includes
agreements, judicial decisions, laws and conventions in the form of traditions and customs. 
E.g.. United Kingdom, Canada

♦ Classify the countries mentioned as examples according to their characteristics of constitutions into the table below.
• Written: India, United States of America (USA) 
• Unwritten: United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand
• Rigid: United States of America, Australia
• Flexible: United Kingdom, New Zealand
• Enacted: India, United States of America  
• Evolved: United Kingdom, Canada

♦ Prepare a short note on the topic 'Essential Qualities of the Constitution'.
• Dynamic: It should be able to make timely changes according to changing circumstances.
• Suitability: It must be suitable for meeting people’s needs and aspirations.
• Comprehensiveness: The powers of the government and the rights and duties of the citizens should be comprehensively stated.
• Brevity: The constitution should be precise with essential provisions. 
• Clarity: The provisions of the Constitution must be clearly stated.
♦ What is Constitutionalism?
• Constitutionalism is a political order that limits the powers of the government through a constitution.
• Constitutionalism also includes controlling those in power, ensuring the
rule of law and defining the rights of people. 

♦ From the following statements, find the ones that agree with the constitutionalism and colour the circle.
♦ Which is the world's largest written constitution?
The Indian Constitution

♦ Prepare a wall magazine titled 'Milestones in the Formation of the Indian Constitution'.
• The English East India Company was established in 1600 CE to establish trade relations with India. The British who came here for trade gradually became the authorities, and the administration of India was taken over by the company.
• Following the First War of Indian Independence in 1857 against the British, the Queen of Britain took over the administration of India directly.
• The Indian Councils Acts helped to strengthen the participation of Indians in the governance of British India.
• The Indian National Congress played a major role among the various organisations that fought against the British for India's independence. It was the Indian National Congress that officially put forward the demand for an independent Constituent Assembly to draft a Constitution for India.
• The British government passed the Government of India Acts to gradually increase the participation of Indians in the administrative affairs and to ensure better governance here.
• To grant complete self-rule to India, the British Government sent the Cabinet Mission to India. As a result, in 1946, the Constituent Assembly came into existence in order to draft a Constitution for India.
• Dr Rajendra Prasad was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly. The
Drafting Committee, chaired by Dr B.R. Ambedkar, prepared the draft
of the Constitution. 
• The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949. So we observe November 26 as Constitution Day.
• The Constitution officially came into force on 26 January 1950. Since then, India has been known as a Sovereign Democratic Republic.

♦ In which year was the English East India Company established?
1600 CE

♦ What was the first mass movement by Indians against the British called?
The First War of Indian Independence, 1857

♦ Which laws helped to strengthen the participation of Indians in the governance of British India?
Indian Councils Acts

♦ Which organisation officially put forward the demand for an independent Constituent Assembly to draft a Constitution for India?
Indian National Congress

♦ Which laws did the British government pass to gradually increase the participation of Indians in administrative affairs and ensure better governance?
Government of India Acts

♦ Cabinet Mission
To grant complete self-rule to India, the British Government sent the Cabinet Mission to India. As a result, in 1946, the Constituent Assembly came into existence in order to draft a Constitution for India.

♦ Who was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly?
Dr. Rajendra Prasad

♦ Who chaired the Drafting Committee of the Constitution?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

♦ When did the Constituent Assembly adopt the Constitution?
26 November 1949

♦ Which day is observed as Constitution Day in India?
26 November

♦ When did the Constitution officially come into force?
26 January 1950

♦ Since 1950, how has India been known?
Sovereign Democratic Republic

♦ Which part of the Constitution reflects its main ideas, values, and views?
The Preamble.
♦ Explain the fundamental objectives mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
• Sovereignty: The power of the state to take decisions without any external interference or pressure.
• Socialism: Social justice is sustained by ensuring equal status and equal opportunities to all.
• Secularism: The state has no official religion. Individuals have the right to profess, practice and propagate the religion of their choice. The state will not discriminate against any religion.
• Democracy: The representatives elected by the people govern the state. Through this, the people become the sovereign.
• Republic: Republic is a system in which the head of the state is decided through elections. Our Constitution stipulates that the President of
India, the head of state, should be an elected person.

♦ Which of the following features reflect the objectives set out in the Preamble of the Constitution?
Features Objectives
The state has no official religionSecularism
The people are sovereign Democracy
The head of the state is an elected personRepublic
The power of the state to make decisions without external interferenceSovereignty
Reduces inequalities and ensures social justiceSocialism

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