Kerala Syllabus STD 6 Social Science: Chapter 10 Through the Oceans.. - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual

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Chapter 10: Through the Oceans.. - Questions and Answers & Model Question
♦ What are the different sources of water?
Oceans, backwaters, lakes, rivers, streams, springs, reservoirs and wells are different sources of water.

♦ How can we classify sources of water? Give examples.
• Surface water sources and underground water sources.
• Surface water sources are found on the surface of the earth, underground sources are found just beneath the surface, inside the earth.
• Surface water: Oceans, rivers, lakes and backwaters
• underground water: Spring, Wells, Bore wells

♦ Complete the concept map after observing the given pictures.
♦ What are the water sources that we use for our daily needs?
• Spring
• Well
• Bore well
• River
• Lake
 
♦ In spite of continuous usage by living beings, why doesn't the water run out?
As a result of circulation of water (water cycle) in the hydrosphere, water in the water sources do not get depleted despite its use. 

♦ What is Hydrosphere?
The hydrosphere is the total mass of water found in the earth's surface, interior and atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state.

♦ What is Water Cycle? Explain.         
• Water cycle is the continuous circulation of water on the earth, under its surface and in the atmosphere.                            
• The different sources of water on the earth turns into vapour through evaporation. The vapour thus formed becomes clouds through condensation.
• Water droplets from the clouds reach the earth, through precipitation. 
• The water in the hydrosphere moving cyclically through the processes of evaporation, condensation and precipitation is known as watercycle. 

♦ What are the different stages of the water cycle?
Evaporation, condensation and precipitation

♦ What are the different forms of precipitation? 
Rain, snowfall and hailstones are the different forms of precipitation. 

♦ What is evaporation?
The process by which a liquid changes into gaseous form with the help of heat. 

♦ What is condensation?
The process by which water vapour in the air cools to form water.

♦ What are the different forms of condensation? 
Clouds, fog and dew are the different forms of condensation.

♦ What is precipitation?
The process by which water particles fall on earth as the clouds cannot hold it further, due to its increased weight and size, as a result of continuous condensation.

♦ Observe the distribution of water based on the given picture.
Is water distributed evenly everywhere on Earth? Explain.
• 97% of the water on Earth is saline water.
• Only 3% of the total water on Earth is fresh water.
• Of the total fresh water, 68.7% lies frozen in ice sheets and glaciers, 30.1% exists as underground water, 0.3% as surface water, and 0.9% as other sources.
• Hence, only a very limited amount of fresh water is available for living beings.
♦ What are oceans?
Oceans are vast water bodies that are situated among continents. Seas and bays are parts of oceans. 

♦ What is the scientific study of oceans called?
The scientific study of oceans is known as Oceanography. 

♦ What does oceanography help us understand?
Oceanography helps in understanding the complex movement of water in oceans. Moreover, the study helps in addressing challenges like climate change, ocean pollution and depletion of biodiversity. 

♦ Oceans play a vital role in sustaining life on Earth. Evaluate.
Just like fresh water, marine water is also essential for the existence of human beings. Oceans play a vital role in regulating the weather and supporting habitats. It also provides resources essential for human life. 

♦ When is World Ocean Day observed?
 June 8 

♦ What is sea?
• A sea is a part of the ocean that is partially surrounded by land.
• The Arabian Sea is an example of a sea.

♦ What is bay?
• A bay is a part of the ocean that extends into the land.
• The Bay of Bengal is an example of a bay.

♦ What is strait?
• A strait is a narrow strip of water that connects two seas or oceans and is located between land areas.
• The Palk Strait is an example of a strait.

♦ A part of the ocean partially surrounded by land is called a ............
Sea

♦ A part of the ocean that extends into the land is called a ...................
Bay

♦ A narrow strip of water connecting two seas or oceans is called a .............
Strait

♦ Observe the World Map and list out the oceans.
• Pacific Ocean     
• Atlantic Ocean
• Southern Ocean
• Indian Ocean
• Arctic Ocean

♦ Have you heard of part of the ocean 'Point Nemo'? Where is Point Nemo?
Point Nemo is the farthest point on ocean from the land. From this point, one has to travel more than 2000 kms to reach the nearest point on land. Point Nemo is situated in the Pacific Ocean. 

♦ Which is the largest and deepest ocean in the world?
Pacific Ocean 

♦ How much of the Earth’s surface is covered by the Pacific Ocean?
About one-third of the Earth’s surface is covered by the Pacific Ocean.

♦ Who gave the name ‘Pacific’ to the Pacific Ocean?
Ferdinand Magellan

♦ What name did Magellan originally use for the Pacific Ocean?
He called it ‘Mar Pacifico’, which means ‘peace’.

♦ Why did Magellan name the ocean ‘Pacific’?
He named it ‘Pacific’ because he felt it was calmer than the Atlantic Ocean.
♦ Observe the map and find the continents that are bordered by the Pacific Ocean.
Asia, Australia, South America, North America 

♦ Observe and find the borders of the Pacific Ocean and complete the table.
♦ Which ocean has the largest number of islands?
The Pacific Ocean has the largest number of islands.

♦ Name some major islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Philippines, Japan, Hawaii, and New Zealand are major islands in the Pacific Ocean.

♦ Which is the deepest point on Earth?
The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, located in the Pacific Ocean, is the deepest point on the earth. 

♦ In which ocean is the Mariana Trench located?
The Mariana Trench is located in the Pacific Ocean.

♦ Complete the list related to the Pacific Ocean. 
♦ Which is the second-largest ocean in the world?
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean.

♦ What shape does the Atlantic Ocean appear to be?
It appears like the letter ‘S’ in the English alphabet.

♦ Where is the busiest sea route in the world situated?
It is situated in the Atlantic Ocean.

♦ What is the name of the oceanic ridge in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean?
The Mid‑Atlantic Ridge.

♦ What is the deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean?
The Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench.

♦ Name some important islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
Newfoundland and Iceland are important islands in the Atlantic Ocean.

♦ Find the continents that are bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, with the help of an atlas or a globe.
North America, South America, Europe, Africa

♦ Observe and find the borders of the Atlantic Ocean and complete the table.
♦ Prepare the identity card of the Atlantic Ocean. 
• Name: The Atlantic Ocean
Location
• North: Arctic Ocean
• South: Southern Ocean
• East: Europe, Africa
• West: North America, South America
Important Features
• Busiest sea route in the world 
• The Mid‑Atlantic Ridge
• Deepest point: Milwaukee Deep
• Important islands: Newfoundland and Iceland

♦ You have read the news headlines, haven’t you? Which is the ocean bordering this port?
• Indian Ocean

♦ Find the continents lying close to the Indian Ocean.
Asia, Africa, Australia

♦ Which ocean is the only one named after a country?
The Indian Ocean is the only ocean named after a country.

♦ What is the rank of the Indian Ocean in size compared to other oceans?
It is the third-largest ocean in the world.

♦ The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are part of which ocean?
Indian Ocean.

♦ What is the deepest part of the Indian Ocean?
The Java Trench is the deepest part of the Indian Ocean.

♦ Name some major islands in the Indian Ocean.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Maldives, and Sri Lanka are major islands in the Indian Ocean.

♦ Which strait connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean?
The Malacca Strait connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
♦ Find the countries that share their borders with the Indian Ocean, using an atlas or a globe. 
• Bordering countries: India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, ...
• Main Islands: Andaman Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Maldives, Srilanka, Madagascar, Seychelles.

♦ Observe and find the borders of the Indian Ocean and complete the table.
♦ Find the ocean that surrounds Antarctica with the help of a globe or an atlas. 
Southern Ocean

♦ Which ocean surrounds Antarctica up to almost 60° South Latitude?
The Southern Ocean.

♦ Which ocean shares borders with all other oceans except the Arctic Ocean?
The Southern Ocean.

♦ What is the position of the Southern Ocean in terms of size compared to other oceans?
It is the fourth-largest ocean.

♦ Name two islands found in the Southern Ocean.
Dolleman Island and Heard Island.

♦ What is the deepest point in the Southern Ocean called?
The Factorian Deep in the South Sandwich Trench.

♦ Which ocean does NOT share a border with the Southern Ocean?
a. Atlantic Ocean
b. Indian Ocean
c. Pacific Ocean
d. Arctic Ocean
Answer: d. Arctic Ocean

♦ Which ocean is situated mostly within the Arctic Circle?
The Arctic Ocean.

♦ Where is the North Pole located?
In the Arctic Ocean.

♦ Which ocean is the smallest and shallowest in the world?
The Arctic Ocean.

♦ What is the condition of the Arctic Ocean throughout most of the year?
It is mostly frozen.

♦ What is the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean called?
The Molloy Deep.

♦ The Arctic Ocean forms the northernmost border of which three continents?
Asia, Europe, and North America.

♦ List the features of the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean
Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean
• Situated around Antarctica.
• Borders with all the oceans except the Arctic Ocean
• Fourth in size
• Dolleman and Heard are the major islands. 
• The Factorian deep in the South Sandwich Trench is the deepest point 
• Situated mostly within the Arctic Circle. The North Pole is here.
• The smallest and shallowest ocean.
• Mostly frozen throughout the year
• The Molloy Deep is the deepest point.
• Borders of Asia, Europe and North America. 
♦ Complete the worksheet related to oceans.
♦ What are the movements of Oceanwater?
Waves, high tides, low tides, and ocean currents are the movements of oceanwater.
♦ What are waves?
Waves are movements created by the wind on the surface of the ocean. 

♦ How are sea waves formed?
• Waves are movements created by the wind on the surface of the ocean. 
• The energy flow generated by the wind creates ups and downs on the surface of the sea. 
• Waves are usually formed when the wind blows over the surface of the water. 
• These continuous ups and downs of the ocean water are called waves. • The size of the waves increases with respect to the increase in the speed of the wind.

♦ What are high tides and low tides?
High tides and low tides are phenomena of rising and falling of sea level at fixed intervals. The rise in the sea level is called a high tide and the fall is called a low tide. 

♦ Prepare a note on ocean currents.
Like rivers, water in the ocean is flowing through it for several kilometres. Ocean current is a phenomenon by which water flows through the ocean in a fixed direction through a fixed path. Such currents are there in all the oceans.

♦ Let us complete the concept map. 
♦ Why is seawater salty?
Mineral salts are dissolved in water from all sources. But the amount of salts in seawater is comparatively high. That is why seawater remains salty. 

♦ What is salinity?
Salinity is the total amount of all the mineral salts dissolved in water. 

♦ How do oceans influence our lives? 
• Regulates the climate
• Source of food
• Maritime transportation 
• Regulates global warming
• Tourism

♦ Oceans face several challenges. What are they?
• Pollution is the greatest issue. 
• Dumping of chemicals and other dangerous substances are a threat to the marine ecosystem. 
• Not only oceans, but also fresh water sources like rivers, lakes, etc., are affected by pollution.

♦ What are the ways to conserve oceans?
• Prevent plastic, chemicals etc., from reaching the oceans.
• Keep the coast free from pollution. 
• Create awareness on conservation of ocean.
• Control unsustainable fishing.
• Preserve the marine ecosystem


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