Kerala Syllabus Class 6 Basic Science: Chapter 08 Motion in Daily Life - Questions and Answers
ഈ ബ്ലോഗ് അഡ്മിൻറെ രേഖാമൂലമുള്ള അനുമതിയില്ലാതെ ഈ ബ്ലോഗിൽ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങൾ, ഇതേരീതിയിലോ പി.ഡി.എഫ് രൂപത്തിലോ, മറ്റേതെങ്കിലും ഡിജിറ്റലോ, പ്രിന്റഡ് ഉൾപ്പെടെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും രൂപങ്ങളിലേക്കോ മാറ്റി മറ്റൊരു വെബ്സൈറ്റിലോ, ബ്ലോഗിലോ, യുട്യൂബ്, സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയാ ഗ്രൂപ്പുകളിലോ ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഒരിടത്തും പ്രചരിപ്പിക്കാൻ പാടില്ലാത്തതാകുന്നു.
Std 6: Basic Science Chapter 08: Motion in Daily Life - Questions and Answers
♦ Do you like to go to parks? You might have seen various rides in parks. The picture shows different rides in such a park. What do you see in the picture?
• Giant Wheel
• train ride
• dashing car
• merry-go-round
♦ Write some other movements seen around you.
• Birds flying
• Leaves rustling
• People walking
• Vehicle moving
♦ What is Motion?
Motion is the change in position of an object.
♦ Do all the objects around you move? Which objects do not seem to move? Write them.
• Buildings
• Roads
• Furnitures
• Mountains
♦ What is State of Rest?
State of rest is a state in which the position of an object does not change.
♦ With respect to the child in the giant wheel, does the co-rider have a change in position?
♦ What about the change in their position with reference to the child standing below?
All the children in the giant wheel have change in position with respect to the child standing below
♦ What is Reference Body?
An object can be said to be in motion only in relation to another body or position. The body used for this purpose is called reference body.
♦ Observe the picture of the school sports meet and complete the table below.
♦ Analyse the table. Who among these are moving? On what basis are they found to be in motion?
It is based on a position that an object is found to be moving or at rest. Children are said to be in motion based on their change in position.
♦ Record some moving objects and the objects at rest that you know.
• Fish swimming in the pond
• Car moving on a road
• Birds flying in the sky
• Bus travelling on the road
• Children playing football
• Leaves swaying in the wind
Objects at Rest
• House
• Rock
• School building
• A parked bicycle
• Stone lying on the ground
• Classroom blackboard
♦ Everyone, be silent and close your eyes for a while and listen to the movements within your own body. Which are the movements you have recognized? What are the other movements that take place within the body? Tabulate the movements you have noticed.
| Organ | Various Movements |
|---|---|
| Heart | Heart beat |
| Lungs | Breathing |
| Stomach | Digestion |
| Eyes | Blinking, movement of the eyeballs |
| Muscles | Contraction and relaxation |
| Intestines | Peristalsis |
♦ Observe the picture. Do the children make the same movements while they play in the park? How does each movement differ? Through discussion, find out the type of motion that takes place in each equipment and complete the table given below.
| Equipment | Characteristic of Motion |
|---|---|
| Swing | Back-and-forth (oscillation) |
| Rotating disc | Circular motion |
| Slider | Linear motion (straight line) |
| Seesaw | Up-and-down (oscillation) |
♦ Experiment 1: Motion in a straight line
Materials Required: Twine, straw, cello tape, balloon.
Procedure: Pass a twine through a 5 cm long straw. Tie up each end of this twine at the same height in convenient places in the class. Glue the inflated balloon to the straw parallel to the twine as shown in the picture. Release the air in the balloon.
Observation: The balloon appears to be moving in a straight line.
Inference: Linear motion is the motion of an object along a straight line.
♦ What is Linear Motion?
Linear motion is the motion of an object along a straight line.
♦ Find examples of linear motion in the movements you see every day.
• A child sliding down a playground slide
• A train moving along straight railway tracks
• A person walking along a straight road
• Vehicles moving on a straight highway
• Motion of a lift.
• A pencil falling straight down from a desk
• A rocket launching upward into the sky
♦ Experiment 2: Motion about own axis
Procedure: Make a hole each on the lid and at the bottom of the ice cream ball and put a sharpened pencil through them as shown in the picture and tighten the lid. Keep the tip of the pencil on the floor and try to rotate it.
Observation: The ball rotates around the pencil while the pencil tip remains fixed on the floor. The ball spins about its own axis.
Inference: Rotational motion is the movement of objects about their own axis.
♦ What is Rotational Motion?
Rotational motion is the movement of objects about their own axis.
♦ Experiment 3: Motion in a circular path
Procedure: Make one small hole each about a centimetre away from either end of the wooden scale. Insert a nail through one hole and fix it on a paper kept on the table so that the scale can rotate freely. Insert a pencil through the hole on the other end. Move the scale on the paper in a circular path. Similarly, draw a circle on another paper using a compass.
Observation: In both these cases, the path of the pencil forms a circle. The path in the shape of a circle is called a circular path.
Inference: Circular motion is the motion of objects in a circular path.
♦ What is Circular Motion?
Circular motion is the motion of objects in a circular path.
♦ Find out the rides moving in a circular path in the children's park and write their names.
• Merry-go-round
• Rotating disc
• Giant wheel
• Rotating swings (chair-o-plane)
• Cup ride/spinning teacups
♦ Observe the surroundings to find more examples of circular motion
• Swirling a stone tied to a rope.
• Toy train running along a circular path
• Motion of the chair in a giant wheel
• Motion of the valve tube on the wheel of a bicycle
♦ Experiment 4: Moving To and Fro
Procedure: Using stone, nail and twine, make an instrument similar to a swing as shown in the picture and swing it. The position at which the suspended stone remains stationary is the equilibrium position.
Observation: The movement of the stone to either side is with respect to the equilibrium position.
Inference: Oscillation is the movement of an object to both sides about the equilibrium position.
♦ What is Oscillation?
Oscillation is the movement of an object to both sides about the equilibrium position.
♦ Find more examples of oscillation?
• Motion of the pendulum of a clock.
• Motion of a swing
• Motion of a hanging lamp
• Motion of the wiper of vehicles.
• Motion of a seesaw
♦ What happens if the object in oscillation moves fast about the equilibrium position?
Materials Required: Steel scale, tuning fork, rubber hammer, rubber band
Procedure:
1. Press one end of the steel scale on the table. Press the other end downward and then release. Observe the movement of the scale.
2. Stretch a rubber band on either side with your friend and tap it in the middle. Observe the movement of the rubber band.
3. Take a tuning fork from the science lab. Hit on one of the prongs with a rubber hammer. Observe the movement of the prongs.
Observation: In all these three activities, fast movements can be found. When the speed of oscillation increased a sound is produced.
Inference: Quick oscillation is vibration.
♦ What is Vibration?
Vibration is quick oscillation.
♦ Find more examples for vibration?
• Beating prongs of a tuning fork with a rubber hammer.
• Taping a stretched rubber band using a finger.
• Motion of the diaphragm of a drum
• Motion of the string of Veena while playing it.
• Motion of the string of guitar while playing it.
♦ Instruments making use of different types of motion are given below. Complete the table by identifying how the different types of motions in each instrument and how they are made use of.
♦ Writing the Making of a Toy Fan
Materials Required: Ice cream ball, string, thin umbrella rod (15 cm long), bead, pet bottle, stencil cutter/paper cutter, coconut leaf midrib
Make fan leaves using the upper portion of the pet bottle with lid as shown in the picture.
Tie a small coconut leaf midrib at the end of the string. Insert the rod fixed with the fan through the hole on the lid of the ice cream ball.
Wind the string around the rod. Then insert the end of the rod through the hole at the bottom of the ice cream ball. Pull the end of the string and operate the device.
Observe the movements at each part of this instrument. Placing a smooth bead between the fan and the ice cream ball will make the rotation even smoother.
♦ Which are the different types of motion that take place in the different parts of the toy fan such as the rod, fan and string?
Motion of the rod - Rotational motion
Motion of the fan - Rotational motion
Motion of the thread - Linear motion
♦ Which are the types of motion that occur when a toy car moves? What type of motion occurs in the wheels? What is the type of motion of the car when the wheels move?
The Wheels - Rotational motion
The Car - Linear motion
♦ What must be done to move an object at rest?
To move an object at rest, apply a force
♦ You might have observed the movement of the ball in a football match. How is the ball moved?
The ball moves according to the force applied by each player on the ball. According to the force applied, the ball undergoes different types of motion.
♦ Write the activities to observe how the ball moves according to the force applied on it.
Observation: By applying force on the ball, the ball undergoes different types of movements.
Inference: We apply force not only to move the ball but also to change its direction
♦ Force and Motion
Force should be applied to move an object at rest and to bring a moving object to rest. Force needs to be applied to change the speed and direction of moving objects.
♦ Which are the parts of a cycle? While cycling, which are the different types of motion that occur in the following parts?
| Part of the Bicycle | Types of Motion |
|---|---|
| Pedal | Rotational Motion |
| Big Gear | Rotational Motion |
| Small Gear | Rotational Motion |
| Chain | Linear Motion, Circular Motion |
| Wheels | Rotational Motion, Linear Motion |
♦ While cycling, force is applied on the pedal of the bicycle. Which part is moved by the force applied on the pedal? How does it move the two wheels and there by the bicycle?
When force is applied on the pedal, it is carried from one place to another through the chain. The bigger gear connected to the pedal turns, and this makes the smaller gear at the back wheel rotate. In this way, the force is transferred to the rear wheel, which moves the bicycle forward.
♦ Write an activity to understand that the force applied in one place can be brought to another place to make the movement possible.
Procedure: Take one lid (A) from the same-sized plastic lids (A & C). Fix it on the wooden plank using a nail as shown in the picture so that the lid A can rotate freely.
Similarly arrange the other three plastic lids (B, C, D) in a freely rotating manner using nails as shown in the picture. B, C and D are to be arranged at a specific distance from A.
Pass a rubber band from A to B and rotate the lid A. Doesn't the lid B also rotate? Similarly repeat the activity by arranging the rubber bands to C and D. Compare the speed of rotational motion of the lids B, C and D in each case.
Observation:
When A rotates once, C rotates once
When A rotates once, B rotates less than once
When A rotates once, D rotates more than once
Conclusion: Rotating a smaller wheel using a bigger wheel increases the speed and rotating a bigger wheel using a smaller wheel decreases the speed. The force applied in one place can be brought to another place to make the movement possible
♦ What are gears?
Gears are inevitable parts for the functioning of vehicles and machinery. In a gear system, wheels of different sizes are usually used. These systems are used for increasing and decreasing the speed.
♦ Observe the pictures given below. Which system should be used to decrease the speed? Which one for increasing the speed?
Picture B - increase the speed
Let’s Assess
1. Which of the following statements are true? Correct the wrong ones.
a. Force must be applied to increase and decrease the speed of motion of an object.
b. Gears are used only to increase speed.
c. All objects on the earth that are assumed to be at rest are moving along with the earth.
d. The turning of the hand of the clock is linear motion.
Answer:
• Correct statements: a and c.
• Corrected statements
b. Gears are used to increase and decrease speed.
d. The turning of the hand of the clock is a rotational or circular motion.
2. Examine the given movements. Is there a different movement among these? Why?
Motion of a swing, motion of a cradle, motion of the pendulum of a clock, motion of the prongs of a tuning fork.
Answer:
• Swing → oscillation
• Cradle → oscillation
• Pendulum of a clock → oscillation
• Prongs of a tuning fork → vibration
3. A straight line is drawn using a scale. Which of the following motion is similar to the motion of the pen at that time?
a. Movement of wiper of vehicles
b. Movement of a compass while drawing a circle
c. Movement of a lift
d. Motion of a stone thrown away
Answer: c. Movement of a lift
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