Class 7 Basic Science: Chapter 01 Reaping Gold From Soil - Questions and Answers


Study Notes for Class 7th Basic Science (English Medium) മണ്ണിൽ പൊന്നു വിളയിക്കാം | Text Books Solution Basic Science (English Medium) Chapter 01 Reaping Gold From Soil - Teaching Manual / Teachers Handbook

SCERT Solutions for STD VII Basic Science Chapterwise
ഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Teachers Handbook, Teaching Manual എന്നിവ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ലിങ്ക് ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങളുടെ അവസാനം നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.

Chapter 01: Reaping Gold From Soil - Questions and Answers
1. What are the factors to be considered for getting a good yield
besides nurturing?
The other factors to be considered are:
• Fertile soil
• Favourable climate
• quality seeds and planting materials

2. Which stage is suitable for collecting seeds – the first formed mid formed or those formed, at the end of its, growing stage?
- Seeds must be collected from fruits that form in the mid-span.

3. Differentiate between sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation?
• The formation of seedlings from seeds is by sexual reproduction.
• The formation of new plantlets from parts like root, stem and leaf is called vegetative propagation.

4. Write examples for plants formed through sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation.
• Sexual reproduction: Peas, Green chilly, Tomato, Pumpkin, Papaya
• Vegetative propagation: Potato, Sweet Potato, Garlic, Ginger, Rose

5. What is the process of Layering?
1) Select a branch of the plant from which sapling is to be produced. The branch must be pencil thick. The branches from the main stem are better. Peel off one centimetre of bark from the stem in a circular shape.
2) Cover the peeled off part with a slightly moistened mixture of coconut fibre, soil and sawdust.
3)  Cover it with a polythene sheet. Tie both ends with jute twine. Wet it with enough water to retain moisture.
4) Numerous roots will sprout within two months. Cut the branch and plant it in a pot, till it is ready to be transplanted in the soil.

6. Layering is effective in plants like
a) Jasmine
b) Rose
c) Hibiscus
d) cashew 
e) sapota
d) All the above
Answer: d) All the above.

7. What is Grafting?
- Grafting is a method used to produce superior quality plantlets. Superior quality plantlets are produced by joining the stems of two plants of the same species. The rooted plant selected for grafting is called stock and the branch selected for grafting is called the scion.

8. The rooted plant selected for grafting is called
Answer: Stock

9. The branch selected for grafting is called
Answer: scion

10. What is Budding?
- In this method, a bud is grafted, instead of grafting a branch to another plant. This method can be used to produce flowers of different colours in the same plant. Buds of other varieties can be grown on indigenous varieties.

11. What is the process of Budding?
• Cut off the bud from a quality plant.
• Make a ‘T’ shaped cut on the plant on which the bud is to be grafted and leave the bark open.
• Insert the bud into the 'T' shaped cut on the bark.
• Wrap it in such a way that the bud is exposed.
• Cut off the upper part of the stock when the bud attains proper growth.
12. What is hybridisation?
- Hybridisation is the method of producing new seeds through artificial pollination between plants of the same species but of different characteristics.

13. Hybrid variety coconut tree (which are true)
a) Chandralaksha – Lakshadweep ordinary × Chavakkad orange (T×D)
b) Chandrasankara – Chavakkad orange × West coast tall (D×T)
c) Lakshaganga – Lakshadweep ordinary × Gangabondam (T×D)
d) All the above
Answer: d) All the above

14. What should be made possible in the agricultural sector?
• High yield
• Quick yield
• resistance to infections
• Lower nurturing costs
• Availability of quality seeds/planting materials

15. Which is the high yield variety bitter gourd that was developed by the Kerala Agricultural University?
Answer: Priyanka

16. What is tissue culture?
- Tissue culture is the process of producing a new generation from a cell or tissue of a plant.

17. Which are Agricultural Research Institutes in our State?
• Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) – Mannuthi, Thrissur
• Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) –Sreekaryam, Thiruvananthapuram
• Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR) – Kozhikode
• Rubber Research Institute of India (RRII) – Kottayam
• Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) – Kasaragod
• Regional Research Centres of Kerala Agricultural University

18. What is the benefit of depositing plant debris in the field after cultivation?
- The nutrients provided by one kind of plant debris is not the same supplied by another. The more diverse the plant debris that decomposes in the soil, the higher the fertility of the soil.

19. What is Intercrop?
- Short term crops cultivated among the main crop in such a way that they do not harm the main crop are called intercrops. They help In maintaining soil fertility.

20. What is Crop Rotation?
- Cultivating a different crop instead of the crop cultivated earlier is called crop rotation.
 Eg: cultivation of Tapioca in the field after the rice crop

21. Which are Leguminous plants?
a) pea
b) mimosa
c) black gram
d) All the above
Answer: d) All the above

22. One of the bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrate.
- Rhizobium

23. How plants get nitrogen?
- Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth. Plants cannot absorb atmospheric nitrogen directly, but they absorb the nitrate salts dissolved in water. Some of the bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrate. Rhizobium is one such bacterium. They live in the roots of Leguminous plants and absorb atmospheric nitrogen. When these plants decay, the plant nutrients are added to the soil.

24. What are the benefits of cultivating leguminous plants?
- Some of the bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrate. Rhizobium is one such bacterium. They live in the roots of Leguminous plants and absorb atmospheric nitrogen. When these plants decay, the plant nutrients are added to the soil.
25. Researcher in Organic Farming Japan
Answer: Masanobu Fukuoka 

26. Which are biofertilizers?
- Cow dung, Green manure, Compost manure, Fish manure, Poultry droppings, Goat droppings, Bone meal.

27. Which are fibre crops?
• cotton
• jute

28. Which other crops do we cultivate than food crops?
- Cotton, jute, tea

29. Which are the important fibre crop cultivated in India?
- Cotton

30. What is integrated farming?
- It Is a farming system with simultaneous activities Involving crop and animal. The farming components support each and reduce the external Inputs.
eg: The paddy can be provided as fodder for cows whereas the cow dung can be used as fertilizer for crops

31. Which of the following activities increases the fertility of soil?
a. Repeating the same cultivation.
b. Leaving agricultural remains on the soil.
c. Burning agricultural remains after drying
d. Removing agricultural remains and cleaning the land.
Answer: Leaving agricultural remains on the soil.

32. Which of the following statements is true of the grafted mango tree? 
• Has a greater life span.
• Requires less nurturing.
• Yields in a short span of time.
• Has high disease resistance.
Answer:
• Yields in a short span of time.
• Has high disease resistance.







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