STD 6 Basic Science: Chapter 04 Along with Motion - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual

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Chapter: 4 Along with Motion - Textual Questions and Answers & Model Questions
1. What are the motions of the earth?
Answer:
• Rotation - Earth spins around its own axis just as top spins.
• Revolution - Earth revolves around the sun through its orbit.

2. Which are the objects that move along with the earth?
Answer: All objects on the earth move along with the earth when it moves.

3. Can you be in a state of rest at least for a second?
Answer: No, because we move along with the earth's movement.

4. What are the movements that occur within our body?
Answer: 
• Blood circulation
• Heartbeat
• Movement of food and water
• Movement of air etc...

5. What are the motions that take place around us?
Answer: 
• Movement of wind
• Movement of waves
• Movement of birds and animals etc...

6. What is meant by the teacher when she is saying that the buildings, rocks and mountains are moving at a great speed? 
Answer: The earth rotates about its axis at an approximate speed of 1667 kilometres per hour at the equatorial region. It revolves around the sun with a speed of 1,06,000 kilometres per hour. So all the things on the earth will move along with the earth at the same speed. 

7. The speed of rotation of the earth about its axis at the equatorial region is ..........
Answer: 1667 kilometres per hour.

8. The speed of revolution of the earth around the sun is. .........
Answer: 1,06,000 kilometre per hour.

9. Instances where we experience the motion of air 
Answer:
• While sitting on a seashore
• While waving with a piece of paper
• While sitting under a working fan
• While standing on the top of a hill or a dam
• While seeing the motion of leaves of trees in the wind 

10. Conduct the following activities.
i. When did the marble, which was at rest, start moving?
Answer: When we strike it using the finger.
ii. When did it come to rest?
Answer: When we place our hand blocking its path.
iii. When did it change its direction of motion?
Answer: When we hold a scale in a slightly inclined position in its path.
iv. When did the speed of the rolling marble increase?
Answer: The speed of the marble increases when it collides with another marble that comes at a greater speed.
v. What change in motion was brought about by applying force in each situation?  Write them down in the science diary.
Answer: 
1. The marble which was at rest was set into motion. 
2. The marble which was at motion was set into rest. 
3. The direction of marble changed. 
4. The speed of moving marble increased 

11. What are the purposes for which players apply force on a ball? 
Answer: 
• To move the ball at rest
• To stop the moving ball
• To change the direction of moving the ball
• To increase or decrease the speed of a moving ball 

12. What is force and motion?
Answer: We can move objects at rest by applying force. We can also change the state of motion of a body to a state of rest by applying force. We apply force to change the direction of motion or to increase or decrease the speed of motion.
13. Different types of motion
Answer: 
• The motion of a body along a straight line is linear motion. 
• The movement of a body about its own axis is rotation. 
• The motion along a circular path is circular motion. 
• The to and fro motion of a body about a mean position is called oscillation. 
• Fast oscillations are referred to as vibrations. 
14. Try doing these activities:-
Sharpen a pencil with a sharpener.
Draw a circle with a pencil fixed in a compass.
Draw a straight line using a pencil and a scale.
How was the motion of the pencil in each case?
Answer: 
* Pencil rotates while sharpening it.
* Pencil moves along a circular path while drawing a circle with it.
* Pencil moves along a straight line while drawing a straight line with it.

15. Observe the following motions. Which of them resemble the different motions of the pencil? 
Group the similar ones. Add more examples to each group and write them
down in the science diary.
i. What is the common feature of the motion in each group?
* There is a force behind every motion.
* There is a speed for every moving object.
* There is a change in the position of the object.
ii. How do groups one and two differ?
* Direction of force is different.
* Moving path of the object is different
* Position change of the object is different.

16. What is linear motion?
Answer: The motion of a body along a straight line is linear motion.

17. What is rotation?
Answer: The motion along a circular path is circular motion.

18. What is circular motion?
Answer: The motion along with a circular path is circular motion.

19. What is oscillation? Give examples.
Answer: The to and fro motion of a body about a mean position is called oscillation.
Examples:-
* Motion of the pendulum of a clock.
* Motion of a swing
* Motion of a hanging lamp
* Motion of the wiper of vehicles.

20. What are the peculiarities of oscillation?
Answer: 
* Mean position of that object is same
* Motion is repeated at regular intervals of time.

21. What are vibrations? Give examples:-
Answer:  Fast Oscillations are referred to as vibrations Examples:
* Beating prongs of a tuning fork with a rubber hammer.
* Taping a stretched rubber band using a finger.

22. Identify the different types of motions when a tailor stitching clothes?
Answer:
* Needle movement- Linear motion.
* Table movement- Vibration
* Wheels movement- Rotation
* Pedal movement - Oscillation

23. Is the motion of the wiper of vehicles an oscillation? 
Answer: Vipers of vehicles move to both sides about a mean position. So they are oscillations. 

24. Distinguish between oscillation and vibrations. 
Answer: The to and fro motion of a body about a mean position is called oscillation. Fast oscillations are referred to as vibrations. All vibrations are also oscillations, but all oscillations are no vibrations. 
25. Complete the table adding the types of motion and the uses of the instruments mentioned below.
26. Explain transfer of motion?
Answer: The force applied on a machine can be transferred to other parts of the machine or to other machines thus setting them into motion. We make use of the chain, wheel and axle, belt, etc., for this purpose.

27. What are the devices you have seen, in which the force applied at one part is transferred to another part and used for motion?
Answer: Bicycle, flour mill, sewing machines, vehicles etc. In these devices, parts like chain, belt, string, gears and wheel and axel are used to transfer the force applied at one part to other parts. In a bicycle, the force applied on the pedal is transferred to the rear wheel through the chain and gears. In a flour mill, the force from the motor is transmitted to the powdering machines through the belt and wheel and axle. In a sewing machine, the force applied on the pedal is reached at the needle through the string and two wheels. In vehicles, the force from the engine is transmitted to the wheels through gears and axles.  

28. What are gears?
Answer: It is the interlocking of corrugations on the lids that enables one to rotate with the other. Such wheels are called gears.

29. Where have you seen gears?
Answer: 
* In toys
* Machines
* Clocks
* Automobiles etc...

30. What are the peculiarities of gears?
Answer: 
* Gears help us to set in motion more than one part of a machine at different speeds and in different directions.
* When a big wheel is turned using a small wheel, the speed of rotation decreases.
* When it is reversed, the speed increases.
* The use of gears can bring about changes in speed and direction of motion
* We make use of this advantage in a number of machines.

31. Aman pulling a hand cart applies force on it in the following situations. What is the purpose in each case?
i. when he starts pulling the hand cart.
Answer: To start the cart, he applied force in the forward direction.
ii. when it goes on a downhill
Answer:  He applies force in the backward direction to reduce speed.
iii. What are the changes force can bring about in the motion?
Answer: 
We can move objects at rest by applying force. 
We can also change the state of motion of a body to a state of rest by applying force. 
We apply force to change the direction of motion or to increase or decrease the speed of motion.

32. Which type of motion is dominant in the following situations?
i. An aeroplane gaining speed on the runway before takeoff.
Answer: Linear motion
ii. The motion of a valve tube in the rotating wheel of a bicycle.
Answer: Circular motion
iii. Find one example each for other kinds of motion as well.
Answer: 
Rotation:- A rotating top
Oscillation:- Motion of a hanging lamp.
Vibration:- Taping a stretched rubber
band using a finger.

33. Motions in a sewing machine 
Answer: 
* Pedal-oscillation
* Two wheels-rotation
* Needle-linear motion 

34. The table on oscillation prepared by Lathika, Iqbal and Sonu is given below.
i. Whose findings are correct?
Answer: Iqbal's findings are correct.
ii. Which are the ones that cannot be considered as examples of
oscillation?
Answer: 
* The motion of a giant wheel.
* The motion of an arrow, shot from a bow.
iii. What is the difference between vibration and oscillation?
Answer:
Fast oscillations are known as vibrations. From all vibrations oscillation is slow.

35. Observe the arrangement of gears in the figure.
i. When the first gear is rotated, which other gear would also rotate in the same direction?
Answer: Third gear
ii. Which gear would be the slowest?
Answer: Fourth gear

36. Complete the following concept map suitably.

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