Class 6 Social Science: Chapter 07 Medieval India: Art and Literature - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook
Textbooks Solution for Class 6th Social Science (English Medium) മധ്യകാല ഇന്ത്യ: കലയും സാഹിത്യവും | Text Books Solution Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 07 Medieval India: Art and Literature | ഈ യൂണിറ്റിന്റെ Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook ഈ പേജിന്റെ അവസാനഭാഗത്ത് നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക
Chapter 07: Medieval India: Art and Literature - Textual Questions and Answers & Model Questions
1. The description is given above (TextBook Page 103) is an extract from the novel Shilapadmam, written by Pratibha Ray, the famous Odiya novelist. What information can you gather from it?
Answer:
• Stones of different colours were brought from different parts of India for the construction of the temple.
• Stones 25 feet high and weighing 56000 munds, for the temple dome were transported from over 100 miles through water and we reinstalled at the top of the temple bat a height of 200 feet.
• 1200 sculptors worked tirelessly for 12 years.
2. What is known as Pancharathas?
Answer: The temples constructed in Mahabalipuram during the reign of the Pallava king Narasimhavarman, are known as Pancharathas.
3. The Pallava period was the golden period of temple architecture. Explain.
Answer: The Pallavas were the rulers based at Kanchipuram in South India. Mahabalipuram was their major port city. The temples constructed in Mahabalipuram during the reign of the Pallava king Narasimhavarman, are known as Pancharathas. Each temple here is carved out of a single rock.
4. The contemporary style of temple architecture in India has developed through different stages. Substantiate.
Answer: Each temple in Pancharathas in Mahabalipuram is carved out of a single rock. The cave temples at Ellora in Maharashtra were built in this style. They were built during the period between the 6th and the 12th century CE. In the period that followed, a new style of temple architecture came into being. In this style, tall temples were constructed using chiselled rocks. Most of these temples were multi-storeyed.
The Brihadiswara Temple in Tanjavoor, constructed during the reign of Rajaraja Chola epitomise this style. Later, the style of adorning temple walls with sculptures became prevalent. The Khajuraho Temple in Madhya Pradesh is an example of the style of adorning temple walls with sculptures. From these, we can understand that the contemporary style of temple architecture in India has developed through different stages.
5. Write a note on Chola architecture.
Answer: In the period that followed, a new style of temple architecture came into being. In this style, tall temples were constructed using chiselled rocks. Most of these temples were multi-storeyed. The Brihadiswara Temple in Tanjavoor, constructed during the reign of Rajaraja Chola and the Kamakhya Temple in Assam epitomise this style.
6. How did the Indo-Islamic style evolve?
Answer: Skilled architects from Turkey and Persia were brought to India for the construction of different structures. The indigenous sculptors, labourers, and masons also joined them. The Indo- Islamic style evolved out of the amalgamation of the styles of both groups.
7. Identify the common features of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture and prepare a note.
Answer:
• Arches, domes, and minarets were the notable features of this style
• Figures of flowers and plants were carved for decorating buildings.
• Mortar, red sandstones, and marbles were used for construction.
• Spacious gardens were set on the building premises.
8. Write a short note on Qutab Minar?
Answer: The Qutab Minar was the first building constructed in Indo-Islamic style. The construction of the Qutab Minar was started during the reign of Qutb al-Din Aibak, the founder of the Sultanate. Later, Iltutmish completed the construction. A tall tower and balconies projecting from it are the striking features of this building.
9. Write a short note on Humayun's Tomb?
Answer: Humayun's Tomb in Delhi was constructed in Indo- Islamic style. It is situated in the centre of a beautiful garden. This tomb is made of red sandstone and marble.
10. What do you know about the Taj Mahal?
Answer: The Taj Mahal in Agra, constructed by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, is the best example of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture. White marble was used for its construction.
11. Why is Red fort named so?
Answer: This is the most important fort built during the Mughal period. The fort is made entirely of red sandstone.
12. Collect information on the major structures constructed in medieval India and complete the following table.
i. Brihadiswara Temple
• Situated in Tanjavoor in Tamil Nadu.
• Constructed by Rajaraja, the Chola king.
• One of the spacious and tall temples in India.
• Multi storeyed temple made of chiselled stones.
ii. Qutab Minar
• The construction of the Qutab Minar was started during the reign of Qutb ud din Aibak, the founder of the Sultanate.
• Later, Iltutmish completed the construction.
• A tall tower and balconies projecting from it are the striking features of this building.
• The Qutab Minar was the first building constructed in Indo-Islamic style.
• It is situated in Agra
iii. Taj Mahal
• Taj Mahal was constructed by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
• It is situated in Agra
• The best example of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture.
• White marble was used for its construction.
iv. Red Fort
• This is the most important fort built during the Mughal period.
• The fort is made entirely of red sandstone.
• It was constructed by Shah Jahan.
• It is situated in Delhi.
v. Juma Masjid
• Juma masjid in Delhi is constructed in Indo-Islamic style.
• Marble and red sandstone were used for its construction.
• It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.
• It is situated in Delhi.
13. Which are the major structures in the period of Shajahan.
Answer:
• Tajmahal
• Red Fort
• Juma Masjid at Delhi.
14. Which of these temples was built by the Vijayanagara kings in South India?
Answer: Vitthala Swami Temple and Hazara Rama Temple are important temples built during the medieval period by the Vijayanagara kings of South India.
15. How the temples built by Vijayanagara kings are different from the earlier temples?
Answer:
• They are multi-storeyed and built of chiselled rocks.
• Mandapas were built adjacent to the temples.
• Pillars with carvings were constructed.
• Temples were expanded.
16. What was the style of architecture brought by the Portuguese?
Answer: Gothic style.
17. What are the major features of the Gothic style?
Answer: Pointed towers and arches are the major features of this style
18. Write a note on the Gothic style of architecture.
Answer: During the 16th century, the Portuguese introduced a new style of architecture in India. It is known as the Gothic style. Pointed towers and arches are the major features of this style. the St. Francis Church in Kochi and the Bom Jesus Church in Goa are examples of this style.
19. What are the changes brought about in the fields of music and painting in medieval India?
Answer: Carnatic music flourished in South India. During the Sultanate - Mughal period, the influence of Persian music gave birth to a new style of music. It is known as Hindustani music. Qawwali, a form of music, role in its development. Many new musical instruments evolved during this period. Tabala and sitar are examples of such instruments. Several remarkable changes were apparent in the field of painting too. The major themes were from the Ramayana, the Bible, royal life, and nature.
20. Write a short note on Qawwali.
Answer: Qawwali is a form of music that evolved in Khangah where Sufi saints resided. The spiritual songs composed in Urdu are sung in tune with the fast rhythm of different musical instruments.
21. What were the themes adopted for painting during the Medieval period?
Answer: The major themes were from the Ramayana, the Bible, royal life, and nature.
22. Evaluate the role of the Bhakti and Sufi movements in the growth and development of literature and regional languages in medieval India.
Answer: Bhakti and Sufi movements played a major role in the growth and development of literature and regional languages in medieval India. The Bhakti Movement strengthened the vernaculars. The poets of the Bhakti Movement wrote in the language of the common people. It stimulated the development of Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, Marathi, Hindi, Bengali, Gujarathi. The Sufi Movement played a major role in the development of the Urdu language. Urdu was formed by the hybridization of Arabic, Persian and the Indian languages, Hindi and Sanskrit.
23. Write a short note on Bhakti Movement?
Answer: The Bhakti Movement formed in South India was based on deep love and devotion towards God. The Alvars and the Nayanars were the two streams of the Bhakti Movement. Guru Nanak, Kabirdas, Tulsidas, Surdas, Tukaram, Mirabai, and Chaitanya were the main propagators of the Bhakti Movement in North India.
24. Write a short note on the Sufi movement?
Answer: The Sufis rejected luxurious life and gave importance to spiritual life. The term Sufism was derived from the Arabic word Suf. Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti, Nizamuddin Auliya, etc. were the propagators of Sufism.
25. Collect information on the literary works in regional languages and the respective authors from the given chart and complete the table is given below.
1. Find out the features of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture.
Answer:
• Arches, domes, and minarets were the notable features of this style
• Figures of flowers and plants were carved for decorating buildings.
• Mortar, red sandstones, and marbles were used for construction.
• Spacious gardens were set on the building premises.
2. Complete the table of structures and their corresponding periods of construction.
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