STD 5 Basic Science: Chapter 07 Windows of Knowledge - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual 


Study Notes for Class 5 Basic Science (English Medium) അദ്ധ്യായം 07 അറിവിന്റെ ജാലകങ്ങൾ | Text Books Solution Basic Science - Chapter 07 Windows of knowledge | ഈ അധ്യായത്തിന്റെ Teachers Handbook, Teaching Manual എന്നിവ ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ലിങ്ക് ചോദ്യോത്തരങ്ങളുടെ അവസാനം നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.   

Chapter 07: Windows of Knowledge - Questions and Answers, Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook
• Did you read the poem? How much we learn about nature through our
eyes, nose, ear and so on!
Don’t other creatures also know their surroundings in this manner?
Have you observed ants searching for food?
How do they come to know about the presence of food?
Answer: Ants sense the presence of food with the help of feelers.

Haven’t you seen eagles carrying away chicks?
How does the eagle identify its prey from such heights?
Answer: An eagle has the ability to see objects from a great distance. 

Why does a sleeping dog raise its ears even when we pass by it silently?
Answer: A dog has excellent hearing. They also have the ability to move their ears in the direction of the sound source

• How do such creatures identify food by smell, locate their prey and hear even the slightest sounds? Which are the organs that help them to get such information?
Answer: Animals also have different senses. They can see, hear, taste, smell and feel. Some animals can see their prey from far away. Some can hear even the faintest sound. Some animals can find their friends by their smell.

1. Sense Organs?
Answer: Ear, Nose, Eye, Tongue, Skin

2. Parts of the internal eye?
Answer: retina, lens, optic nerves

3. Parts of the external eye?
Answer: eyelids, eyelashes and pupil

4. Use a hand lens to project the images of various objects on the wall of your classroom. What are the peculiarities of the images?
Answer: The images are inverted

5. Compare the image formation in our eyes with the image formation using a hand lens and make a note.
Answer: When we use a hand lens to project various objects on the wall, we get inverted images. There is a lens in our eye as well. This lens also forms an inverted image of the objects we see with our eyes. The inverted image is formed on the screen called retina. The optic nerves send this message to the brain. The brain enables the vision of the real erect object.

6. How do we see objects?
Answer:  When we look at an object, the light reflected from that object pass through the lens of the eye and forms a single and inverted image on the retina in the eye. The optic nerves send this message to the brain. The brain enables the vision of the real erect image.

7. Why ‘two’ eyes?
Answer: Perception of the correct distance and position of the object occurs only when seeing with both eyes.

8. Define binocular vision
Answer: The ability to see by focusing both eyes on the same point is termed binocular vision. We get an accurate knowledge of the distance and position of objects by this.

9. Write the specialities of our eyes?
Answer: 
• binocular vision
• can recognise colours
• three-dimensional vision – the ability to know the length, breadth, height, thickness, and distance.

10. Three-dimensional vision 
Answer: The ability to know the length, breadth, height, thickness, and distance.

11. How do blind people come to know about their surroundings?
Answer: 
• recognise people through sound.
• identify currency and coins by touch.
• Vegetables and fruits are recognised by their shape and smell

12. What different facilities are available to help the blind?
Answer:
• White cane: - White cane is a white stick used by the blind for safe movement. This is a hollow and light aluminium rod.
• Braille Script: - In this script, the letters are recorded by way of projected dots on thick paper, which can be felt by touch.
• Tactile  watch
• Talking watch

13. What are embossed maps
Answer: Maps that are made with sand and thread soaked in glue and can be sensed by touch are called embossed maps.

14. What is an eye donation?
Answer: Many defects of the eye may lead to blindness. Some of them can be rectified by replacing certain parts of the eye.  Donating one's eyes after death is called eye donation.

15. What care should we take to protect our eyes?
Answer:
• Do not rub or blow if dust falls into the eye; just wash with cold water.
• Do not read in dim light or very bright light or while travelling in a bus.
• Keep a certain distance while watching TV. There must be sufficient
light in the room.
• Care should be taken so that chemicals do not fall into the eye.
• Protect your eyes from sharp objects while playing. 
• Eat foods rich in vitamin A

16.  How do we hear?
Answer: It is the pinna, the outer part of the ear; that receives sounds and directs them into the ear. It is when these sounds pass through different parts of the ear and reach the brain that we recognise the sound.

17. What are the different parts of the ear?
Answer: 
The human ear can be divided into three sections.
i. Outer ear (pinna)
The outer ear is made up of three parts; 
• the part we see on the sides of our heads (pinna),
• the ear canal, and
• the eardrum 
ii. Middle ear
• The middle ear is made up of the eardrum and three small bones (ossicles) that send the movement of the eardrum to the inner ear.
• Inner ear
The inner ear is made up of:
• the snail-shaped organ for hearing (cochlea),
• the semicircular canals that help with balance, and
• the nerves that go to the brain.

18. What precautions should be taken to protect the ear?
Answer:
• Do not put pointed objects into the ear.
• Do not listen to loud sounds continuously.
• Do not pour water or other liquids into the ear.
• Do not let the ear receive any blow.

19. How do snakes, frogs, fishes and birds hear the sound?
Answer: Snakes, frogs, fishes and birds do not possess external ears. They can identify sounds transmitted through the ground with the help of their internal ears.

20. How do snakes hear the sound?
Answer: Snakes do not possess external ears. They can identify sounds transmitted through the ground with the help of their internal ears.

21. What are hearing aids?
Answer: The devices used by the deaf are called hearing aids. There are mechanisms in them to enable hearing with clarity.  

22. How do people come to know when a ripe jackfruit is cut?
Which organ helps us in this?
Answer:  It is the nose that helps us detect the smell.

23. Dogs are used in the field of crime investigation. Why? 
Answer: It is because of their ability to smell and identify things.

24. How do we identify taste?
Answer: Food dissolves in saliva and stimulates the taste buds on the tongue. When this stimulation reaches the brain as impulses through nerves, we identify the taste. It is with the help of taste buds that we identify salt, sour taste, sweetness, bitterness etc. in the food.

25. Which organ has the highest area in our body?
Answer: skin

26. What all do we realise by means of touch?
Answer: 
• heat
• smoothness 
• softness
• shape
• size
• pain

27. What all should be done to protect our skin?
Answer:
• We should clean the skin very well while bathing
• We should protect the skin from excessive cold and heat

28. The largest sense organ of our body.
Answer: Skin

29. Why do we examine objects by touching with fingers? 
Answer: The sense of touch is not the same in all parts of the body. Fingertips, cheeks and lips are more sensitive than other parts of the body.

30. We have learnt how information is given by various parts of the body.
Observe the pictures and complete the table.
Answer:
Situation in the figure Information gainedOrgan made use of
A child looking at the rainbowColours of the rainbow, shape of the rainboweyes
A child realises the smell of foodRealize the food itemnose
A blind person hears the barking of a dogRealize that it is a dog ear
A child eating an appleTaste of the appletongue
31. Which are the more sensitive parts of our body?
Answer: Fingertips, cheeks and lips

32. Define Sense organs?
Answer: Organs which give us information about our surroundings are the sense organs. Human beings have five organs, namely the eye, ear, nose, tongue and skin.  

33. You got a flower you have never seen before. What information can be collected by observing that flower? Which sensory organs will be used for this? 
Answer:
Colour: eye
Smell: nose 
Taste: Tongue 
Softness: finger

34. Is there any difference in the capacity of sensing between animals? Explain with examples.
Answer: Some animals can see, hear and smell better than humans. For example, dogs, cats, and sharks. Snakes do not have external ears, and snakes use their tongue to smell. The owl can see the views from the back of its head.

35. List the things to care for the protection of eyes, ears, and skin?
Answer:
Eyes: Beware of sharp objects
Ears: Do not constantly hear a loud noise
Skin: should be protected from excessive heat and cold

36. Suppose there is a child in the class who is visually impaired. What changes would you make to the playing equipment to get that kid involved in the game of cricket?
Answer: Put ringing bells inside the ball

Let us assess
1. Establish the logic of the proverb “ Closed eyes open up ears”
Answer: We cannot see anything with closed eyes. but still, we can hear. Blind people can know about their surroundings from the sound.

2. “We don’t realise the value of eyes when we have them” - What are the ways to protect our precious eyes?
Answer:
• Do not rub or blow if dust falls into the eye; just wash with cold water.
• Do not read in dim light or very bright light or while travelling in a bus.
• Keep a certain distance while watching TV. There must be sufficient
light in the room.
• Care should be taken so that chemicals do not fall into the eye.
• Protect your eyes from sharp objects while playing. 
• Eat foods rich in vitamin A

3. ‘Sense organs – windows of Knowledge'. Substantiate.
Answer:  We know about the happenings of our surroundings with the help of sense organs. We cannot see, hear, smell, taste or have the sense of touch without our sense organs. So sense organs are our windows of knowledge.

Extended Activities
1. Observe the living beings around you. Find out the animals that can turn ears in the direction of the sound.
Answer: Cat, Dog, Crow

2. Observe the changes in the eye of a cat during day and night.
Answer: During the day, the cat's pupil becomes smaller. The pupil expands at night. So the cat can see even in dim light.





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