STD 5 Social Science: Chapter 07 Changes Wrought by Iron - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual 


Study Notes for Class 5 Social Science (English Medium) ഇരുമ്പൊരുക്കിയ മാറ്റങ്ങൾ | Text Books Solution Social Science - Chapter 07 Changes Wrought by Iron  | ഈ യൂണിറ്റിന്റെ Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook ഈ പേജിന്റെ അവസാനഭാഗത്ത് നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക 


Chapter 07 Changes Wrought by Iron- Textual Questions and Answers & Model Questions
1. Which are the rivers marked in the given map?
Answer: 
• Indus 
• Jhelum 
• Chenab 
• Ravi 
• Sutlej 
• Beas 
• Ganga

2. Name the tributaries of the river Indus
Answer: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, Beas

3. Which Rivers flow through the northwest region of India? 
Answer: River Indus and its tributaries.

4. Through which region does the river Indus flows
Answer: It flows through the northwest region of India.

5. Where does the Harappan Civilization flourished
Answer: Along the Indus river basin.

6. Which people migrated around 3500 years ago to the Indus valley river basin
Answer: Aryans

7. From where do we get information about Aryans
Answer: We get information about Aryans from the Vedas.

8. In which language the Vedas were composed
Answer: The Vedas were written in the Sanskrit language.

9. How Vedas passed from generation to generation
Answer: Vedas were passed orally from generation to generation.

10. What is known as the Vedic period
Answer: The period during which human life as depicted in the Vedas existed is known as the Vedic period.

11. Name the Vedas
Answer: The rig Veda, Sama Veda, Atharva Veda and Yajur Veda.

12. Which period is known as the Vedic period
Answer: The period between 1500 BC and 600 BC is known as the Vedic period

13. ------ is the earliest among the Vedas
Answer: Rig Veda

14. What information do you obtain from the chart?
Answer:
• The period between 1500 BC and 600 BC is known as the Vedic Period.
• Rig Veda is the earliest among the Vedas
• The period of human life described in the Rig Veda is known as the Rig Vedic Period
• Vedic Period can be divided into Rig Vedic Period and Later Vedic Period.
• Sama Veeda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda were written in the Later Vedic Period.
• Vedas were written in Sanskrit.

15. -------was the most important form of wealth during the Rig Vedic period
Answer: Cattle

16. The Main occupation during rig Vedic period was _____
Answer: Cattle rearing

17. What are tribes
Answer: The group of Aryans who reared cattle were known as tribes

18. The chieftain of each tribe was known as ----
Answer: Rajan

19. -----was the main crop during the Rigvedic period
Answer: Barley

20. Who were ‘Dasas’ or ‘Dasyus’
Answer: There were battles among different  Aryan tribes as well as between the Aryans and the non-Aryans for the possession of cattle. In these battles, the Aryans conquered the non-Aryans.  The subjugated people were known as the ‘Dasas’ or ‘Dasyus’

21. How Aryans defeated Non-Aryans during battles
Answer:  The Aryans possessed horses and weapons made of copper and bronze. With the advantage of these, they conquered the non-Aryans.
22. Compare the Social life of the Rig Vedic Period with that of the Harappa based on the following indications.
• Occupation
• Tools
23. Name the Gods worshipped by people during the Rig Vedic period
Answer: People worshipped Gods such as Indra, Varuna and Agni and goddesses such as Athithi and Ushas.

24. The pottery used during the Rig Vedic period colour was ----------
Answer: Grey 

25. What were the main reasons for the migration to the Gangetic plain?
Answer:
• Conflict between tribes
• Emergence of new tribes
• Growth in population

26. What are the features of Gangetic plain?
Answer:
• Dense forest
• Fertile alluvial soil
• Plenty of rain

27. What are the reasons that led to the invention of iron?
Answer: It was very difficult for them to clear the trees and till the hard soil using tools made of copper and bronze.  It was necessary for them to have a harder metal to make more effective tools and implements and this led to the invention of the iron.

28. Which metals were used by the Aryans to make tools and weapons when they migrated to the Gangetic plain?
Answer: copper and bronze

29. How is Iron different from copper and bronze?
Answer: iron is a metal harder than Copper and bronze. With the invention of the iron, the people of Gangetic plain made harder weapons and implements with which they could easily clear the jungles. They used iron ploughs for tilling hard soil.

30. Why cattle was given so much importance during the Rigvedic period?
Answer: During the Rigvedic period cattle were considered to be the most important form of wealth and the main occupation was cattle rearing.

31. Identify the states across which the Gangetic plain across
Answer: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal

32. Which is the metal we use to make the tools used for felling trees and ploughing land?
Answer: lron

33. What were the features of the life of people during the Rig Vedic Period?
Answer:
• During Rig Vedic Period Cattles were considered the most important form of wealth.
• The main occupation was cattle rearing
• People were also engaged in agriculture, the main crop was Barley.
• The groups of Aryans who reared cattle were known as Tribes. The Chieftain of the tribe is known as Rajan
• Copper and Bronze tools were used by the Aryans to make tools and weapons.
• The subjugated people were known as Dasas or Dasyus
• People worshipped the gods such as Indra, Varuna, and Agni and goddesses such as Athithi and Ushas
• The pottery used during this period is known as Grey ware.

34. What are the impacts of the shift from cattle rearing to agriculture?
Answer:
• Beginning of settled life
• Increase in agricultural production
• Exchange of surplus products
• The society got divided into four based on occupations: The Brahmins, the Kshatriyas, the Vaishyas and the Sudras. This stratification is known as Chaturvarnya.

35. What is Chaturvarnya? 
Answer: When people began to lead a settled life, some changes were
brought about in their social life. The society got divided into four based on occupations: the Brahmins, the Kshatriyas, the Vaishyas and the Sudras.  This stratification is known as Chaturvarnya.

36. Why is the Iron Age of ancient Tamilakam known as the Megalithic Age? How does the Megalithic Age differ from the Stone Age?
Answer: The people in the ancient Tamilakam used iron implements. But we got much information about that period from the Megalithic burials. Because of this, the Iron Age of ancient Tamilakam was known as the Megalithic Age. The weapons in the stone age were made of stones. But the weapons in the Megalithic period were made of iron.
37. Define the following terms.
a) Sangham: Sangham was the academy of scholars who collected and published ancient Tamil works. It was situated in Madurai. The important works in this Sangham period are known as Sangham Literature.
Eg: Pathupattu, Patittupattu, Akananuru, and Purananuru.
b) Moovendars: The ancient Tamilakam was ruled by the dynasties called the Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas collectively known as Moovendars.
C) Tinai: The ancient Tamilakam was classified into five geographical regions. They were known as Tinai. Each Tinai had its own geographical features.
38. The invention of iron and the use of iron implements was an important milestone in human history. Justify.
Answer: With the discovery of iron, it became easier to make farming tools that were more durable and less expensive than copper and bronze. Forests were cleared and turned into farmland. With this, agricultural production increased. Humans began settled life near the farms. Foreigners began arriving by sea in search of spices such as pepper. The native traders received gold as a reward. The standard of living of the people improved.

39. In the map given below, the regions where the Cheras, the Cholas and the Pandyas ruled are marked. Can you identify the dynasty which ruled the region that includes present Kerala?
Answer: Cheras

40. Read the following verses from Purananuru, one of the Sangham works.
Answer:
• Goods were exchanged in the Tinais
• Trade of pepper flourished
• Lumps of gold were received in return
• There were overseas trade relations
• Traders came in search of other goods besides pepper

41. Write the major changes that human life underwent as it evolved through the Bronze Age to the Iron Age.
Answer:
• Expansion of agriculture
• Beginning of settled life
• Trade with foreign countries
• Lumps of gold were received in return
• Lifestyle improved






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