STD 7 English Unit 03 Man and Media - The Newspaper, The Computer, Books, POLYA - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual
Study Notes for Class 7 English Unit 03 Man and Media - The Newspaper, The Computer, Books, POLYA | Text Books Solution STD VII English - Man and Media | Activities | ഈ യൂണിറ്റിന്റെ Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook ഈ പേജിന്റെ അവസാനഭാഗത്ത് നൽകിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക
Unit 03 Man and Media
Man and Media - Textual Questions and Answers & Model Questions
Answer the Following Questions
The Newspaper
1. How is the newspaper helpful to ..........?
a. students
b. businessmen
c. politicians
d. common men
e. sportsmen
f. scientists
Answer:
a. students - educational news and articles
b. businessmen - business related news
c. politicians - political news all over the country
d. common men - all news all over the country
e. sportsmen - sports opportunities and news
f. scientists - scientific research, development etc.
2. Why do firms advertise their products in a newspaper?
Answer: Doing so, they will get more customers.
3 Why is it said that the press should remain true and impartial?
Answer: Because people believe newspapers as it is worthy.
The Computer
1. Why is the computer inevitable in the modern world?
Answer: The popularity of the Internet, the World Wide Web and the e-mail have made computers inevitable in the modern world.
2. What are the advantages of the Internet?
Answer: It helps millions of people to communicate with each other quickly and cheaply. Moreover, it enables quick access to knowledge.
3. Why is the invention of the first calculating machine by Charles Babbage considered a remarkable one?
Answer: It was the first calculating machine. It reduced the stress of calculation. From this invention started the experiments for finding computers.
4. What is the role of Herman Hollerith in improving the design of the computer?
Answer: Herman Hollerith designed and made punched cards and tabulating machines. In 1890 U.S. census the processing of data with mechanical machines started with these.
5. What are the developments that helped to improve upon the first-generation computers?
Answer: The invention of the transistor in 1948, machines using integrated circuits and the invention of microprocessor in 1971 are the major developments that helped to improve upon the first generation computers.
1. The fifth generation computers will be capable of reasoning and decision making, just like human beings. What are your expectations about them? Note them below.
• The communication between man and machine will become easy.
• Reduces human work
• Quick access to knowledge
• Reduces time consumption
Books
1. How do books become ‘worlds of wonder?’
Answer: When we read books, new ideas and people rise in our fancies.
2. What does the poet mean when she says ‘the room melts away?’
Answer: Because we forget the relation with the room. We enter into the world of imagination.
3. Why is a book referred to as a ‘chosen friend?’
Answer: When we read a book we are witnessing each and every aspect of that book. Above all, a good book is a good friend which gives us happiness.
4. In what way is a book a ‘magic box?’
Answer: We choose a book for our pleasure. It contains all the things for its readers.
5. Pick out the rhyming words and discuss how they add beauty to the poem.
Answer:
• books - looks
• rise - eyes
• away - play
• end - friend
• page - age
• chair - there
• box - unlocks
• covers - lovers
1. Examine the first line of the last stanza.
‘Each book is a magic box.’ The figure of speech used here is the metaphor.
Metaphor is a figure of speech used to describe something by referring to something else. It does not assert a comparison.
Here are a few examples of metaphor.
1. He was a lion in the battle.
2. My love is a red rose.
Now, you may collect examples of metaphor from other poems.
Example:
• Time is money.
• Age is a state of mind.
• Laughter is the best medicine.
2. Do you think books are preferable to the TV and the radio? Why? Write your views in a short paragraph.
Answer:
I think books are preferable to Television and the radio. A good book is a good friend forever. We can choose books according to our taste. It is really a treasure forever.
POLYA
1. How did life in the city change Polya's husband?
Answer: He had once been a simple peasant, but five years in the city had taught him a lot - not only how to write his name, but also how to be a successful officer.
2. What was Polya's response when her husband asked her to learn to read and write?
Answer: She was not at all interested to learn. She told him that there was no use in her trying to learn it then. She was getting old and her fingers are getting stiff. She suggested him to let the young ones learn.
3. Do you think the book will be of any help? Explain.
Answer: Yes. The book will be very helpful. It is the latest Teach-Yourself-Russian which is based on up-to-date methods. It is all about the Russian language. Polya can learn the language with the help of the book.
4. What do you think about Polya's attitude? Do you agree with her? Why?
Answer: Polya is not interested in learning. But I will not agree with her attitude. I think education is the basic need of every person. At least we should know how to read and write.
5. What made Polya conclude that her husband was in love with another woman? How did Polya react?
Answer: The letter she found in Ivan's pocket was a nice, clean one, with neat handwriting. The paper smelled of perfume. More than that Ivan seemed to have changed lately. He seemed to be taking more care of his moustache and his clothes. This change in attitude made her conclude that her husband was in love with another woman. She kept crying and sniffing. She thought that he was making fun of his poor illiterate wife.
6. Why did she decide to learn to read and write?
Answer: She wanted to read the letter. To show it to someone else would be unthinkable. So she decided to learn to read and write.
7. Why didn't Polya tell her husband anything about the letter?
Answer: She was not bold enough to ask him about the letter. That might lead to a quarrel. She decided to find the truth by herself.
8. What made Nikolaevich overjoyed?
Answer: When he heard that his wife wanted to learn, he was overjoyed. Because he was very much interested to let her learn.
9. Describe how Polya learned to read.
Answer: For two silent months, Polya studied every day. She patiently put together the words, learnt to form the letters, and memorized sentences. It was the third month before Polya learnt how to read.
10. What did Polya do after reading the letter? Why?
Answer: Polya read this letter twice. Then, pressing her lips together sadly, and feeling somehow secretly insulted, she burst into tears.
11. What do you think about the ending of the story? Discuss.
Answer: The letter reveals the truth. It is a letter to every woman who is continuing her life as illiterate. It shows the value of literary.
Activity
1. What do you think about Polya’s character? Make a brief character sketch. Justify your points with examples.
Hints: innocent – illiterate – intelligent – sensible – clever – deter-
mined – sensitive – ambitious …
Answer: Polya was an innocent and illiterate woman. She couldn't even write her name. But she was very intelligent and sensible. Because she didn't ask her husband any questions regarding the letter. She was sensible enough to understand what might lead to a quarrel. She handled that situation cleverly. She was very determined. Her decision to learn proved her determined mind. She was sensitive in her family life. She was anxious about her husband's change in character. Her ambitious mind was the force to find out the truth of the letter.
2. Do you think Polya would have ever become literate if she had not come
across Maria’s letter to her husband? Why do you think so? Discuss and
write. Give reasons.
Answer: Yes. I think so. Because when she noticed the letter, she was curious to know about the content of the letter. Her sensible mind made her think to learn how to read and write.
3. You have learned something about the media and communication.
Now it's time for you to think about a Media Lab in your school.
What might be the arrangements needed?
Answer:
• Computers
• Internet
• Television
• News Papers
• Magazines
4. As the first step, you can prepare a Wall Newspaper.
What could be included in it?
Answer:
• Editorial
• Articles
• News
• Sports News
• Entertainment News
5. Polya was initially illiterate. Finally, she became literate.
The word illiterate is opposite in meaning to the word literate,
just as finally is the opposite in meaning to initially.
Illiterate and literate are antonyms.
(a) Here is a set of words and their antonyms. Match them.
Words - Antonym
arrive - awake
asleep - depart
forget - ancient
hate - remember
modern - love
Answer:
Words - Antonym
arrive - depart
asleep - awake
forget - remember
hate - love
modern - ancient
(b) A few sentences are given in column A. Rewrite them in column B, substituting the words underlined with their antonyms.
Answer:
Answer:
‘The Television.’
‘The radio was, in fact, developed from the telegraph which was invented by Cooke and Wheatstone in 1835.’
Let's split the sentence into two.
1. The radio was, in fact, developed from the telegraph.
2. It was invented by Cooke and Wheatstone in 1835.
See what happens when these two sentences are combined.
My findings :
We can use relative pronouns to combine two sentences.
(b) Examine the following sentences.
1. It was a Scotsman named J.L. Baird who invented the television.
2. Most of the pigeons that were used for carrying messages had a sense of right direction.
3. Long ago, birds used to carry messages which were clipped to their wings.
(c) Find out from the passages you have read, similar sentences with relative pronouns.
Answer:
• "But it was Charles Babbage of England who made the first Calculating Machine."
• The mail was carried in four leather boxes which were attached to a special saddle blanket."
(d) Here is a list of statements. Elicit responses from your friends and fill in
the columns.
Answer:
One of your answers may be like this.
1. Rahul is the one who sleeps for more than eight hours a night
2. Anil is the one whose pet is a cat.
3. Anil is the boy whom I like the most.
4. Anu is the one who reads more than you do.
--------------------------------------------------
We use 'who' / ‘whom’ when we talk about people.
When we talk about things, we use 'that' or 'which'
(not 'who')
(e) Complete the following sentences using the words ‘who’, ‘which’ or ‘that.’ The first one is done for you.
a. A teacher is a person who teaches.
b. A dictionary is a book that is used for reference (used for reference)
c. This is the house which Jane built (Jane built)
(f) Answer the following questions, using relative pronouns.
e.g. Periyar is the river that flows near my house.
a. Name the river that flows near your house.
b. Name the person whom you like the most.
c. Which is the story that you recently read?
d. Name the oldest person who lives in your neighbourhood.
Answer:
a. Bharathappuzha is the river that flows near my house
b. My Mother is the person whom I like the most.
c. Alice in wonderland is the story that I recently read.
d. Madhavan is the oldest person who lives in our neighbourhood.
7(a) Read the following sentence.
‘Polya's husband learned not only how to write his name but also how to be a successful officer.’
We can split the above sentence into two.
a. Polya's husband learned how to write his name.
b. He also learned how to be a successful officer.
The sun gives us light. It also gives us heat.
We can combine these two sentences using not only... but also.
The sun gives us not only light but also heat.
Look at these sentences:
The moon gives us light at night. The stars also give light at night. Here, the subjects are ‘the moon’ and ‘the stars.’
We can combine these sentences:
Not only the moon but also the stars give us light at night.
If the subject is the same, we use ‘not only’... ‘but also' to combine the qualities. If the subjects differ, ‘not only’... ‘but also’ comes before the subjects.
Look at the pictures and the words given against them. Make sentences using not only... but also. (Page 91)
Answer:
1. Trees give us not only fruits to eat but also firewood to burn.
2. Not only fruits but also pulses are rich in vitamins.
3. Jawaharlal Nehru was not only a great Prime Minister but also a great writer
4. Sarojini Naidu was not only a poet but also a freedom fighter.
5. The TV not only educates but entertains also.
6. The newspaper contains not only local news but international news also.
(b) Here are some details about two great personalities. Write a few sentences about them. Use not only….… but also.
• Abraham Lincoln was famous not only for his honesty but also for his
kindness to animals.
• Abraham Lincoln was not only a great president but also an orator.
• Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was not only an educationalist but also a teacher.
• Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was not only a writer but also an orator.
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8. In the following passage, some words are wrongly used. Underline the wrong words, and rewrite the passage using appropriate words.
The person which made a real impression on me was my best friend. I really like Shaji because he always helped me which things went wrong. He is like a strong wall to lean on where I have problems at home or at school. Shaji has dark hair and a beautiful smile who I can recognize from a distance.
Answer:
The person who made a real impression on me was my best friend. I really like Shaji because he always helped me when things went wrong. He is like a strong wall to lean on when I have problems at home or at school. Shaji has dark hair and a beautiful smile which I can recognize from a distance.
Look at the first sentence from the passage
‘The Story of Messages.’
Nowadays, when we want to communicate, we either e-mail the person or send an SMS.
Read the passage given below.
We know that the Internet is quite common today. But it can be either a blessing or a curse. It depends on how we use it. When we browse, we may find a lot of things. They may be either useful or abusive. Either restrict the use of the Internet or stop going online, and continue using the other sources of information. We must be discreet in our action.
‘Either…..or’ is used to combine two parts of a sentence or two sentences
Here are a few problems. Suggest two solutions. Use ‘either….or’.
Problem
• Your science teacher is on leave.
• A building catches fire.
• You find it difficult to solve a problem.
• You don’t have a pen.
• You are alone at home.
Solution
• We may either sit in the class and read or go to the library.
• We may either call the fire force or try to extinguish the fire.
• We may either ask our teacher or will try to solve the problem.
• I will either use a pencil or buy a pen.
• I may either watch TV or read books.
9. Look at the sentence from the passage 'The Story of Messages.' (para - 2)
‘The riders of the Pony Express were chosen for their light weight as well as their riding ability. Most of them were young boys.'
The above sentence is rather lengthy. Let’s split it into two.
The riders of the Pony Express were chosen for their light weight.
They were also chosen for their riding ability.
Look at the words given in the bubbles. Using these words, make as many sentences as possible about what you and your friends can do. Use as well as in your sentences.
• My friend Aji can drive a car as well as ride a bike.
• My sister can dance as well as cook.
• My friend Anil can read books as well as use the computer.
Examine the following sentence.
‘The teachers, as well as the headmaster, are members of the club.’ You may notice that the verb agrees with the first subject.
Write more examples. One has been done for you.
• The moon as well as the stars gives us light.
• Anu as well as his friends study well
• The ministers as well as the chief minister arrive the meeting.
• Jithin as well as his parents are travelling to Mumbai.
10(a) Read the sentence from the story 'Polya'
'Here, Polya,’ he said, 'is the latest Teach - Yourself - Russian which is based on up-to-date methods. I'm going to show you how to use it.’
Here, we use 'going to' to talk about what we intend to do in the near future. We use ‘going to’ when we have already decided to do something.
It’s the first of January. How old are these people going to be on their next birthdays?
2. Anu is going to be thirteen on July twenty seventh.
3. Joy and Anil are going to be fifteen on September sixth.
4. I am going to be twelve on February twenty sixth.
(b) Complete these sentences. Use the correct form of ‘going to’ and the
verbs given in the brackets. is going to be
1. This is going to be (be) a very busy weekend.
2. On Friday, my friend Ben and I are going to see (see) a movie. After the movie, we are going to eat (eat) dinner at our favourite Thai restaurant.
(c) Look at the report from a newspaper.
The US President will arrive in Delhi tomorrow. He will talk on the current financial crisis. He will not be here for long. You will watch live reports on T.V.
Here, will is used to denote a future course of action.
Now, you may examine the tour chart of Arif.
Arif is travelling through South India. (Page 95)
Complete the sentences with ‘he was,’ ‘he is,’ or ‘he will be.’ Note the time
indicators.
1. Yesterday, he was in Cochin.
2. At the moment, he is in Palakkad.
3. After one hour, he will be at the Malampuzha dam
4. Tomorrow, he will be at Kovai
5. After three days, he will be in Chennai
6. Two days ago, he was at Thiruvananthapuram
7. After two weeks, he will be in Hyderabad
(b) Here are some situations. You may read them, and then write
what you will do in these situations.
Use these verbs: ‘answer,’ ‘carry,’ ‘have,’ ‘post,’ ‘shut’ or any word of your
choice.
You and your friend have come into the room. The window is open, and it
is cold.
I will shut the window.
1. The phone is ringing. You are the person close to it.
I will answer the Telephone.
2. The choice on the menu is fish and chicken. You hate fish.
I will have chicken.
3. You are meeting a friend at the railway station. He has two suitcases. There is a bag too.
I will carry the bag
4. Your friend wants to post a letter he has written. You are going to school, past the post office.
I will post the letter
11. A Project
Conduct a survey on the TV viewing habits of your friends in the class. You may use the following table.
Now, prepare a report on the TV viewing habits of your friends.
Answer: I conducted a survey on the TV viewing habit of my friends and noticed some points. Most of them spend hours for watching TV. But they are interested in different programmes. Many of them like entertaining programmes and hate news channels.
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