STD 5 Social Science: Chapter 10 In the Land of Kerala - Questions and Answers


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Chapter 10: In the Land of Kerala - Questions and Answers
1. Where is Kerala located?
Answer: Kerala is located in the southern part of India between the western ghats in the east and the Arabian sea in the west.

2. Which are the neighbouring states of Kerala?
Answer: Tamilnadu, Karnataka

3. How many districts are there in Kerala? Which are they?
Answer: There are 14 districts in Kerala.
Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Idukki, Ernakulam, Thrissur, Palakkad, Malappuram, Wayanad, Kozhikode, Kannur and Kasaragod

4. Which is the smallest district in Kerala?
Answer: Alappuzha

5. Identify the districts that do not have a coastline.
Answer: Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Idukki, Palakkad, Wayanad

6. Which is the Capital of Kerala?
Answer: Thiruvananthapuram

7. Which is the biggest district in Kerala?
Answer: Palakkad

8. The District which has a long distance of seashore?
Answer: Kannur

9. Which sea lay in the western part of Kerala?
Answer: Arabin Sea

10. The Northern District of Kerala.
Answer: Kasaragod

11. The Sothern District of Kerala.
Answer: Thiruvananthapuram

12. Describe the physiography of Kerala?
Answer: Kerala is located in the southern part of India between the western ghats in the east and the Arabian sea in the west. The physiography of Kerala extends from the sandy stretches along the Arabian sea in the west, through the hills and valleys, to the torrenting streams and lofty peaks in the east. Based on the elevation from the sea level, the physiography of Kerala can be divided into three:
i. Highland:
The highland region of Kerala is part of the Western Ghat mountain ranges which extend from Tamil Nadu in the south to Gujarat in the north. Highland is an area with an elevation of over 75 metres from the sea level. All the rivers originate from this physiographic unit. Most of the region is covered with forests.
ii. Midland:
Midland includes the areas lying between an elevation of 7.5 metres and 75 metres above sea level. The midland zone consists of small hills, valleys, and river basins.
iii. Lowland:
Lowland is an area that has an elevation of up to 7.5 metres from the sea level. Generally, this is a sandy tract. These are the main physiographic features of Kerala.

13. Which region is known as the Sahyadri mountain range?
Answer: The western ghat region is known as the Sahyadri mountain range.

14. What are the special natural features of Kerala?
Answer:
• Hills
• Rivers
• Backwaters
• Coastlines
• Diverse plant and animal life
• Moderate climate

15. What are the climatic features of Kerala?
Answer: 
• Kerala experiences a moderate climate which is neither too hot nor too cold.
• Kerala receives the highest amount of rainfall during the southwest monsoon season which begins in June.  It is known as  Edavappathi or Kalavarsham
• By the end of December, a slightly cooler climate is noticed.  The summer begins in the middle of February.

16. Which are the two rainy seasons in India?
Answer:
• South West Monsoon (Edavapathi or Kalavarsham)
• North-East Monsoon (Thulavarsham)

17. What is Edavapathi or Kalavarsham?
Answer: Kerala receives the highest amount of rainfall during the southwest monsoon season which begins in June. It is known as Edavapathi or Kalavarsham.

18. What is known as Thulavarsham?
Answer: The northeast monsoon is known as Thulavarsham.

19. What is the characteristic of Thulavarsham?
Answer: evening showers accompanied by thunder is the main characteristic of Thulavarsham.

20. During which months is Thulavarsham experienced in Kerala?
Answer: October, November

21. During which months is Edavapathi or Kalavarsham experienced in Kerala?
Answer: June to September

22. What features of summer are experienced in your locality?
Answer:
• Decrease in the flow of water in rivers.
• Drought, Shortage of drinking water.

23. The longest river in Kerala is:
Answer: Periyar.

24. The number of rivers originating from the western ghats and flowing through Kerala is:
Answer: 44.

25. What are the East Flowing Rivers in Kerala?
Answer: Kabani, Bhavani, Pambar 

26. From which physiographic division do the rivers in Kerala originate?
Answer: Highland

27. The shortest river in Kerala?
Answer: Manjeswaram river

28. What are the uses of rivers?
Answer:
• Drinking water
• Irrigation
• To produce electricity
• Fishing
• Transportation
• Tourism

29. List out the problems faced by the rivers in your locality.
Answer:
• Bank shelving
• Decreased water flowing
• Sand mining
• landslide
• excessive water exploitation
• Plastic wastes
• Wastewater from factories 
• Chemical fertilizers from farm
• Pesticides from farm

30. Though Kerala has numerous rivers, many places face acute water shortages during summer. Why?
Answer:
• Heavy pollution in rivers and also depleting groundwater resulting in a shortage of water in many places.
• Flash floods cause heavy water runoff during the rainy season and this in turn creates water shortage during the summer season.

31. Which is the largest backwater in Kerala and why?
Answer: The Vembanattu Kayal is the largest backwater in Kerala. Because it spreads across the district of Alappuzha, Kottayam and Ernakulam, it is known as the largest backwater of Kerala.

32. Which is the largest freshwater lake in Kerala?
Answer: Sasthamkotta Lake (Kollam)

33. Backwaters and lakes face several problems. List them out.
Answer:
• Dumping of industrial waste
• Plastic wastes
• Wastewater from factories 
• Chemical fertilizers from farm
• Pesticides from farm

34. What is the regional festival of Kerala?
Answer: Onam is the regional festival of Kerala.

35. Discuss the agriculture system of Kerala?
Answer: Kerala is an agricultural state. Fertile soil and abundant rainfall make Kerala favourable for agriculture. 
• Coconut and paddy are the main crops in the coastal region.
• The backwaters here are widely used for pisciculture.
• In the midland, diverse crops can be found. Besides paddy, coconut, plantain, elephant yam, butter yam, arecanut, rubber, tapioca, coffee and pepper are grown in this region.
• The cool climate of the highlands is ideal for tea, cardamom and pepper.
• The regional festival of Kerala is connected with the harvest in the month of Chingam. The arrangement of Kani in Vishu and planting of saplings on Pathamudayam emphasize the role of agriculture in Kerala’s culture.
• Nowadays Keralites cultivate industrially significant crops like rubber instead of traditional crops.
At present many educated people are attracted towards non-agricultural jobs. Lack of interest in cultivating traditional crops is now noticed.

36. What are the challenges faced by Kerala in food production?
Answer: Fertile soil and abundant rainfall make Kerala favourable for agriculture. But Nowadays Keralites cultivate industrially significant crops like rubber instead of traditional crops. Many educated people are attracted towards non-agricultural jobs. Lack of interest in cultivating traditional crops is another issue in Kerala.

37. Identify the districts with no railway lines. What could be the reason for this?
Answer: Idukki, Wayanad
The undulating topography of Idukki and Wayanad is not suitable for the construction of railway lines.

38. Which physiographic division has the maximum length of National Highways? Why is it so?
Answer: Midland and lowland. Flat-level land is the most suitable topography for the construction of railway lines.

39. Write about the transportation system of Kerala?
Answer: In Kerala, the modes of transport have developed according to the physiographic division.
• Water transport is important in the lowland marked with backwater lakes and river mouths.
• Road transport is prominent in the midland and highlands.
• Air transport to the different parts of the country and several foreign countries operated from the international airports in Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi and Kozhikode in Kerala.

40. Kerala is called 'God's own country'. Why?
Answer: Kerala is endowed with abundant rainfall, numerous rivers, pleasant climate, highly literate and cultured society and a physiography of green mountains and hills.

Let us assess
1. 'Crops cultivated in Kerala are in accordance with its physiography'. Write a few examples justifying the statement.
Answer: 
• Kerala is an agricultural state. 
• Coconut and paddy are the main crops in the coastal region.
• In the midland, diverse crops can be found. Besides paddy, coconut, plantain, elephant yam, butter yam, arecanut, rubber, tapioca, coffee and pepper are grown in this region.
• The cool climate of the highlands is ideal for tea, cardamom and pepper.

2. The rivers in Kerala face several problems. Prepare notes on the problems faced by the rivers in your locality.
Answer:
• The most serious environmental problem that faces now is the destruction of rivers and other water bodies.
• Man exploits freshwater uncontrolled and also pollutes water resources.
• The extensive burrowing of sand from river beds causes the destruction of water bodies.
• Waste from the towns and factories is thrown into the rivers and other water bodies. The effluents from factories poured into the rivers are the main cause of pollution.

3. What are the climatic features of Kerala?
Answer:
• Kerala experiences a moderate climate which is neither too hot nor too cold.
• Kerala receives the highest amount of rainfall during the southwest monsoon season which begins in June.  It is known as  Edavappathi or Kalavarsham
• By the end of December, a slightly cooler climate is noticed.  The summer begins in the middle of February.

4. The eastern zone of Kerala does not have rail transport. Why?
Answer: The undulating topography of the eastern zone of Kerala is not suitable for the construction of railway lines. Flat-level land is the most suitable topography for the construction of railway lines.





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