STD 6 Social Science: Chapter 11 Diversity in Social Life - Questions and Answers | Teaching Manual


Study Notes for Class 6 Social Science (English Medium) സമൂഹജീവിതത്തിലെ വൈവിധ്യം | Text Books Solution Social Science: Chapter 11 Diversity in Social Life | Teaching Manual & Teachers Handbook

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Chapter 11: Diversity in Social Life - Questions and Answers & Model Questions
1. Who is known as a tribe?
Answer: A group of people who live in a particular area and speak a language unique to them is called a tribe. They follow unique customs and rituals.

2. Recollect the names of a few tribal communities.
Answer: 
• Paniyar
• Kurichyar
• Irular
• Adiyan
• Cholanayikan
• Eravallans
• Aranadan

3. There are -------- tribal groups in different parts of Kerala.
Answer: 35

4. What is the largest tribal group of Kerala?
Answer: Paniyar.

5. What are the features of the tribal communities?
Answer: 
• The tribal settlements are located in the hills, forests or isolated valleys. Each tribal group lives together in a particular area. Their lifestyles are totally different from that of other communities.
• Traditional types of cultivation and gathering of forest products are the means of living of these tribes.  Many of them are engaged in their traditional artisan works. 
• Every tribal society has its own language. These dialects have no script.

6. How many tribal groups are there in Kerala as per the 1976 amendment
of the Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribe Act?
Answer: As per the 1976 amendment of the Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribe Act, there are 35 tribal groups in different parts of Kerala. 

7. Observe the following pictures.
What do you think the tribes use these implements for?
Write their uses below each of the pictures.
Answer:
1. Used for hunting
2. Used for catching fishes
3. Used for hunting and war

8. Myths, folk songs, and local knowledge of tribes not familiar to others. Why?
Answer: The tribes were not in the habit of recording their history or
recording the knowledge they acquired. Hence,  their myths, folk songs, and local knowledge are not that familiar to others.

9. What is known as Ooru?
Answer: The place where the tribal people live together is known as Ooru.

10. Who is known as Oorumooppan?
Answer: The leader of the tribal community.

11. Who looks after the administration of the Ooru?
Answer: The Mooppan or a group of senior members including the mooppan look after the administration of the ooru.

12. Who is the supreme power in taking decisions on matters like marriage, other disputes, customs, rituals, etc. among tribal groups?
Answer: Either the mooppan or the elderly group will have supreme power in taking decisions on matters like marriage, other disputes, customs, rituals, etc.

13. Given below is a picture drawn by Meena, an eleven-year-old girl. The theme of the drawing is her village. Observe the picture carefully. What are the peculiar features of the lifestyles she has depicted? List them.
• Activities related to agriculture
Answer: Agriculture and allied activities are the important occupation of this rural community. People of this village practice a traditional method of farming.
• Other aspects
Answer: Their clothes are simple and so are their lifestyles. Trading and handicrafts are also their means of living.

14. What do you understand about Meena's community from these features? What will you call such a community? List the major features of a rural community.
Answer: Meena is living in a traditional village community. The major features of the village community are:-
• People in rural areas are close to each other and know each other.
• Their clothes are simple and so are their lifestyles. 
• People in rural areas give more importance to the neighbourhood.
• Villagers help others and cooperate with each other. People of rural community has close contact with Nature

15. Write down the features of a traditional rural society.
Answer: 
• People of rural areas are close to each other and know each other.
• Their clothings are simple and so are their lifestyles.
• Agriculture and allied activities are the important occupation of traditional rural communities.
• Cattle rearing and handicrafts are also their means of living.
• Joint family system had great importance in traditional villages.
• Many rural joint families had their own traditional occupations undertaken by their clan.
• Villages give importance to neighbourhood relations. They share and care for each other's happiness and sorrow. Generally, all of them take part in rituals and festivals.
• Villagers help others and cooperate with each other.
• Festivals have a great place in village life. Harvest festivals were the major celebrations in the villages.

16. Can you identify some of the occupations that were prevalent in villages?
Answer:
• Pottery
• Farming.
• Weaving
• Fishing
• Animal husbandry.
• Shopkeeping.

17. What are the changes you can identify in modern villages?
Answer: Many of the villages do not retain their original form any more.
Villages transform into towns, towns into cities, and some cities into metro cities.  The cities attract the village folk, offering better prospects in employment, education, etc. People migrate on large scale to cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Kochi.

18. Observe your village/nearby village and find out how they are different from the traditional villages discussed above. Prepare a note on it.
Answer: Once my village had all the features of a traditional village. Today the number of people who engaged in agriculture and allied activities is low. New dwellers are coming and thereby the people of my village are not as close as in the past and do not know each other. Villagers directly depend on the town for education, jobs and other needs, the number of vehicles increased, lifestyles of villagers changed very much. Joint families were replaced by nuclear families. Even though festivals are celebrated in a new style, the cooperation between the villagers is decreasing.

19. What are the peculiar features of cities?
Answer:
• Centers of diversities. They speak many languages, wear different clothes and have different food habits.
• Centers of large buildings like flats, malls, supermarkets, and bungalows.
• Urban lifestyle is seen.
• High population density.
• Slums are present.
• Land of different occupations.

20. Cities attract many. But, there are reasons for cities to be disliked as well. Why?
Answer:  Rapid population growth in big cities is causing many problems. The multitude of vehicles causes traffic congestion and air pollution. This leads to many diseases. It is a reality that cities possess many facilities as well. Some people find it tough to live in cities. Both the upper class, who enjoy all comforts in life, and the poor lower class in slums live in the cities. Many of the problems in the cities affect all of them. The pollution, traffic congestion on roads and the long hours spent working make it miserable for people to live in cities.

21. What are the solutions to the problems in the cities and villages?
Answer:  Due to the developmental process of the villages and cities there are also some problems faced by the people such as pollution, diseases etc. The solutions to these problems are –
• Systematic planning
• Eco-friendly construction
• Housing policy
• Basic facilities for making life easy.

Let us Assess
1. What are the features of tribal society?
Answer: 
• The tribal settlements are located in the hills, forests or isolated valleys. Each tribal group lives together in a particular area. Their lifestyles are totally different from that of other communities.
• Traditional types of cultivation and gathering of forest products are the means of living of these tribes.  Many of them are engaged in their traditional artisan works. 
• Every tribal society has its own language. These dialects have no script.

2. Identify and explain the changes that have occurred in rural society.
Answer: Many of the villages do not retain their original form any more.
Villages transform into towns, towns into cities, and some cities into metro cities.  The cities attract the village folk, offering better prospects in employment, education, etc. People migrate on large scale to cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Kochi.

3. Urban life is hell. Do you agree with this statement? Justify your answer.
Answer: Some people find urban life as hell as they can’t get used to the overcrowded cities and the hectic lifestyle the people follow. Rapid population growth in big cities is causing many problems. The multitude of vehicles causes traffic congestion and air pollution. This leads to many diseases. It is a reality that cities possess many facilities as well. Some people find it tough to live in cities. Both the upper class, who enjoy all comforts in life, and the poor lower class in slums live in the cities. Many of the problems in the cities affect all of them. The pollution, traffic congestion on roads and the long hours spent working make it miserable for people to live in cities.

4. Compare and list the features of rural and urban communities.
 Rural society  Urban society
  There are simple clothing and lifestyle  There are diverse clothing and lifestyle 
  Agriculture and related occupations Industrial and Trade occupations
  Low population density High population density
  Villages gave importance to neighbourhood relations City gave less importance to neighbourhood relations





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